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DOI | 10.1029/2018JD029901 |
Triggered Lightning Spectroscopy: 2. A Quantitative Analysis | |
Walker, T. Daniel; Christian, Hugh J. | |
2019-04-16 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
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ISSN | 2169-897X |
EISSN | 2169-8996 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 124期号:7页码:3930-3942 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | In the mid 1960s, researchers laid the foundation for modern quantitative lightning spectroscopy. They were the first to acquire time-resolved return stroke spectra and the first to use spectroscopy as a diagnostic technique to characterize the physical properties of the lightning channel (Orville, 1968a, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1968)025<0827:AHSTRS>2.0.CO;2, 1968b, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1968)025<0839:AHSTRS>2.0.CO;2, 1968c, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1968)025<0852:AHSTRS>2.0.CO;2; Salanave, 1961, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.134.3488.1395; Uman, 1966, https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.1966.5217654). Now, almost 50 years later, technology, including high-speed cameras, volume-phase holographic gratings, and triggered lightning, has progressed to the point at which new studies in lightning spectroscopy are needed to verify and improve upon past measurements. In this study triggered lightning spectra were recorded at 673 kfps (1.5 mu s per frame) with an exposure time of 1.1 mu s. Temperature, number density, and pressure on a 1.5-mu s time scale are presented here for a five-stroke-triggered lightning flash. The analysis yields temperatures of the return stroke of greater than 40,000 K as well as electron number densities greater than 10(19) cm(-3) and peak pressures from 20-350 atm, significantly greater than previous studies. The analysis reveals that in the initial microseconds of the return stroke, the physical characteristics within the channel are rapidly changing and that submicrosecond resolution is needed to observe the initial ionized channel in greater detail. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000467147400017 |
WOS关键词 | PHASE HOLOGRAPHIC GRATINGS ; ELECTRON-DENSITY ; RETURN STROKE ; TEMPERATURE ; SPECTRUM |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/182417 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Walker, T. Daniel,Christian, Hugh J.. Triggered Lightning Spectroscopy: 2. A Quantitative Analysis[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,2019,124(7):3930-3942. |
APA | Walker, T. Daniel,&Christian, Hugh J..(2019).Triggered Lightning Spectroscopy: 2. A Quantitative Analysis.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,124(7),3930-3942. |
MLA | Walker, T. Daniel,et al."Triggered Lightning Spectroscopy: 2. A Quantitative Analysis".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 124.7(2019):3930-3942. |
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