Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0582.1 |
The Role of Stochastic Forcing in Generating ENSO Diversity | |
Thomas, Erin E.1,2; Vimont, Daniel J.1,2; Newman, Matthew3,4; Penland, Cecile4; Martinez-Villalobos, Cristian5 | |
2018-11-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
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ISSN | 0894-8755 |
EISSN | 1520-0442 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 31期号:22页码:9125-9150 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Numerous oceanic and atmospheric phenomena influence El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability, complicating both prediction and analysis of the mechanisms responsible for generating ENSO diversity. Predictability of ENSO events depends on the characteristics of both the forecast initial conditions and the stochastic forcing that occurs subsequent to forecast initialization. Within a linear inverse model framework, stochastic forcing reduces ENSO predictability when it excites unpredictable growth or interference after the forecast is initialized, but also enhances ENSO predictability when it excites optimal initial conditions that maximize deterministic ENSO growth. Linear inverse modeling (LIM) allows for straightforward separation between predictable signal and unpredictable noise and so can diagnose its own skill. While previous LIM studies of ENSO focused on deterministic dynamics, here we explore how noise forcing influences ENSO diversity and predictability. This study identifies stochastic forcing details potentially contributing to the development of central Pacific (CP) or eastern Pacific (EP) ENSO characteristics. The technique is then used to diagnose the relative roles of initial conditions and noise forcing throughout the evolution of several ENSO events. LIM results show varying roles of noise forcing for any given event, highlighting its utility in separating deterministic from noise-forced contributions to the evolution of individual ENSO events. For example, the strong 1982 event was considerably more influenced by noise forcing late in its evolution than the strong 1997 event, which was more predictable with long lead times due to its deterministic growth. Furthermore, the 2014 deterministic trajectory suggests that a strong event in 2014 was unlikely. |
英文关键词 | Atmosphere-ocean interaction El Nino ENSO La Nina |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000447530600002 |
WOS关键词 | SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES ; SEASONAL FOOTPRINTING MECHANISM ; WESTERLY WIND BURSTS ; STATE-DEPENDENT NOISE ; TONGUE EL-NINO ; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY ; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC ; TROPICAL PACIFIC ; OPTIMAL-GROWTH ; COUPLED MODEL |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19354 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA; 2.Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Nelson Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA; 3.Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 4.NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Phys Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA; 5.Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Thomas, Erin E.,Vimont, Daniel J.,Newman, Matthew,et al. The Role of Stochastic Forcing in Generating ENSO Diversity[J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,2018,31(22):9125-9150. |
APA | Thomas, Erin E.,Vimont, Daniel J.,Newman, Matthew,Penland, Cecile,&Martinez-Villalobos, Cristian.(2018).The Role of Stochastic Forcing in Generating ENSO Diversity.JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,31(22),9125-9150. |
MLA | Thomas, Erin E.,et al."The Role of Stochastic Forcing in Generating ENSO Diversity".JOURNAL OF CLIMATE 31.22(2018):9125-9150. |
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