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DOI | 10.5194/acp-18-3619-2018 |
Model simulations with COSMO-SPECS: impact of heterogeneous freezing modes and ice nucleating particle types on ice formation and precipitation in a deep convective cloud | |
Diehl, Karoline1; Gruetzun, Verena2 | |
2018-03-13 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 18期号:5页码:3619-3639 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Germany |
英文摘要 | In deep convective clouds, heavy rain is often formed involving the ice phase. Simulations were performed using the 3-D cloud resolving model COSMO-SPECS with detailed spectral microphysics including parameterizations of homogeneous and three heterogeneous freezing modes. The initial conditions were selected to result in a deep convective cloud reaching 14 km of altitude with strong updrafts up to 40 m s(-1). At such altitudes with corresponding temperatures below -40 degrees C the major fraction of liquid drops freezes homogeneously. The goal of the present model simulations was to investigate how additional heterogeneous freezing will affect ice formation and precipitation although its contribution to total ice formation may be rather low. In such a situation small perturbations that do not show significant effects at first sight may trigger cloud microphysical responses. Effects of the following small perturbations were studied: (1) additional ice formation via immersion, contact, and deposition modes in comparison to solely homogeneous freezing, (2) contact and deposition freezing in comparison to immersion freezing, and (3) small fractions of biological ice nucleating particles (INPs) in comparison to higher fractions of mineral dust INP. The results indicate that the modification of precipitation proceeds via the formation of larger ice particles, which may be supported by direct freezing of larger drops, the growth of pristine ice particles by riming, and by nucleation of larger drops by collisions with pristine ice particles. In comparison to the reference case with homogeneous freezing only, such small perturbations due to additional heterogeneous freezing rather affect the total precipitation amount. It is more likely that the temporal development and the local distribution of precipitation are affected by such perturbations. This results in a gradual increase in precipitation at early cloud stages instead of a strong increase at later cloud stages coupled with approximately 50% more precipitation in the cloud center. The modifications depend on the active freezing modes, the fractions of active INP, and the composition of the internal mixtures in the drops. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000427355300002 |
WOS关键词 | MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS ; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS ; SIZE DISTRIBUTION ; MINERAL DUST ; MU-M ; MICROPHYSICS ; WATER ; SENSITIVITY ; PARAMETERIZATION ; STORMS |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19448 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, Mainz, Germany; 2.Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Diehl, Karoline,Gruetzun, Verena. Model simulations with COSMO-SPECS: impact of heterogeneous freezing modes and ice nucleating particle types on ice formation and precipitation in a deep convective cloud[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2018,18(5):3619-3639. |
APA | Diehl, Karoline,&Gruetzun, Verena.(2018).Model simulations with COSMO-SPECS: impact of heterogeneous freezing modes and ice nucleating particle types on ice formation and precipitation in a deep convective cloud.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,18(5),3619-3639. |
MLA | Diehl, Karoline,et al."Model simulations with COSMO-SPECS: impact of heterogeneous freezing modes and ice nucleating particle types on ice formation and precipitation in a deep convective cloud".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 18.5(2018):3619-3639. |
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