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DOI | 10.1073/pnas.1715136115 |
Quantifying flow and stress in ice melange, the world's largest granular material | |
Burton, Justin C.1; Amundson, Jason M.2; Cassotto, Ryan3; Kuo, Chin-Chang4; Dennin, Michael4 | |
2018-05-15 | |
发表期刊 | PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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ISSN | 0027-8424 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 115期号:20页码:5105-5110 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Tidewater glacier fjords are often filled with a collection of calved icebergs, brash ice, and sea ice. For glaciers with high calving rates, this "melange" of ice can be jam-packed, so that the flow of ice fragments is mostly determined by granular interactions. In the jammed state, ice melange has been hypothesized to influence iceberg calving and capsize, dispersion and attenuation of ocean waves, injection of freshwater into fjords, and fjord circulation. However, detailed measurements of ice melange are lacking due to difficulties in instrumenting remote, ice-choked fjords. Here we characterize the flow and associated stress in ice melange, using a combination of terrestrial radar data, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations. We find that, during periods of terminus quiescence, ice melange experiences laminar flow over timescales of hours to days. The uniform flow fields are bounded by shear margins along fjord walls where force chains between granular icebergs terminate. In addition, the average force per unit width that is transmitted to the glacier terminus, which can exceed 10(7) N/m, increases exponentially with the melange length-to-width ratio. These "buttressing" forces are sufficiently high to inhibit the initiation of large-scale calving events, supporting the notion that ice melange can be viewed as a weak granular ice shelf that transmits stresses from fjord walls back to glacier termini. |
英文关键词 | jamming granular glacier melange calving |
领域 | 地球科学 ; 气候变化 ; 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000432120400040 |
WOS关键词 | SEA-ICE ; SEASONAL VARIABILITY ; GREENLAND GLACIER ; OUTLET GLACIERS ; WEST GREENLAND ; DYNAMICS ; FJORD ; STABILITY ; IMPACT ; MODEL |
WOS类目 | Multidisciplinary Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Science & Technology - Other Topics |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/204915 |
专题 | 地球科学 资源环境科学 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA; 2.Univ Alaska Southeast, Dept Nat Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA; 3.Univ New Hampshire, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA; 4.Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Burton, Justin C.,Amundson, Jason M.,Cassotto, Ryan,et al. Quantifying flow and stress in ice melange, the world's largest granular material[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,2018,115(20):5105-5110. |
APA | Burton, Justin C.,Amundson, Jason M.,Cassotto, Ryan,Kuo, Chin-Chang,&Dennin, Michael.(2018).Quantifying flow and stress in ice melange, the world's largest granular material.PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,115(20),5105-5110. |
MLA | Burton, Justin C.,et al."Quantifying flow and stress in ice melange, the world's largest granular material".PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 115.20(2018):5105-5110. |
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