Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.02.014 |
Primary and secondary dispersal of Bertholletia excelsa: Implications for sustainable harvests | |
de Oliveira Wadt, Lucia Helena1; Faustino, Camila Lima2,7; Staudhammer, Christina Lynn3; Kainer, Karen A.4,5; Evangelista, Joziane Silva6 | |
2018-05-01 | |
发表期刊 | FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
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ISSN | 0378-1127 |
EISSN | 1872-7042 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 415页码:98-105 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Brazil; USA |
英文摘要 | Our study tracked intact whole fruits of the giant, large-seeded tropical tree Bertholletia excelsa for the first time during primary (fruitfall) and secondary mammalian fruit dispersal. The scatterhoarding Dasyprocta spp. is particularly important for B. excelsa, because it disperses and often buries seeds into spatially-scattered caches, facilitating seed germination and early seedling establishment. We asked: (1) Given a short and synchronous fruiting period, what patterns of primary and secondary fruit dispersal emerge? (2) Do rainfall and local vegetation affect dispersal? We monitored date of fruitfall and condition (visibly untouched, gnawed open with some seeds removed, or gnawed, but unopened) of individual fruits from 20 trees over a similar to 20 ha area, sequentially visiting each study tree on average every 3-4 days. We evaluated potential influences of rainfall and subcanopy vegetation (arboreal, liana, bamboo or herbaceous) on dispersal in four 10 m(2) plots established under each tree crown. As expected, primary dispersal was fairly synchronous over an approximately 3-month period. Amount of rainfall in the 5 days previous to fruitfall was the best predictor of primary dispersal. Monitoring revealed that while the 6855 observed fruits were falling, scatterhoarders were removing some to outside the projection of the tree crown (4.1%) and opening a much smaller proportion (0.5%) under mother trees. Approximately one quarter of fruit opening or removal occurred within 5 days of fruitfall. More fruits were opened or removed when subcanopy vegetation had higher bamboo density or lower densities of saplings and trees - favorable microenvironments where rodents can gnaw fruits while remaining relatively hidden. Humans directly compete with native dispersers/predators for B. excelsa's seeds traded internationally as Brazil nut, and thus timing and intensity of harvests following fruitfall determines availability of this resource for dispersers. By mid-January when human harvesting typically begins in our study site, 94% of fruits had fallen from the tall trees, and our continuous quantification of disperser activity revealed that 197 fruits (2.9%) or 3341 seeds (assuming an average 17 seeds per fruit) were consumed or dispersed. Thus, human harvesters could safely collect and dispersers had weeks of unlimited resource access. Considering our dispersal findings, cumulative research results and collective understanding of the Bertholletia-Dasyprocta-Homo sapiens interactions, harvests in our study site and region boost incomes and likely do not threaten Brazil nut recruitment or maintenance of agouti populations. |
英文关键词 | Brazil nut Dasyprocta Fnigivoxy Mammalian dispersers Scatterhoard Seed predator |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000429395600010 |
WOS关键词 | BRAZIL NUT ; SEED-DISPERSAL ; POPULATION-STRUCTURE ; LECYTHIDACEAE ; AGOUTI ; TREES ; CONSERVATION ; REGENERATION ; AMAZONIA ; SURVIVAL |
WOS类目 | Forestry |
WOS研究方向 | Forestry |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/22168 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Embrapa Rondonia, Ctr Pesquisa Agroflorestal Rondonia, BR 364,Km 5,5,Caixa Postal 127, BR-76815800 Porto Velho, Rondonia, Brazil; 2.Univ Acre, Ecol & Management Nat Resources Master Program, BR 364,Km 4, BR-69920900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil; 3.Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA; 4.Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA; 5.Ctr Latin Amer Studies, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA; 6.Scholarship Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, Rua Men De Sa,1164 Bahia Velha, BR-69904000 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil; 7.Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Acre, Rua Joao Pessoa,1-135 Bairro Senador Pompeu, BR-69970000 Tarauaca, Acre, Brazil |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | de Oliveira Wadt, Lucia Helena,Faustino, Camila Lima,Staudhammer, Christina Lynn,et al. Primary and secondary dispersal of Bertholletia excelsa: Implications for sustainable harvests[J]. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,2018,415:98-105. |
APA | de Oliveira Wadt, Lucia Helena,Faustino, Camila Lima,Staudhammer, Christina Lynn,Kainer, Karen A.,&Evangelista, Joziane Silva.(2018).Primary and secondary dispersal of Bertholletia excelsa: Implications for sustainable harvests.FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,415,98-105. |
MLA | de Oliveira Wadt, Lucia Helena,et al."Primary and secondary dispersal of Bertholletia excelsa: Implications for sustainable harvests".FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 415(2018):98-105. |
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