Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-17-15225-2017 |
An evaluation of three methods for measuring black carbon in Alert, Canada | |
Sharma, Sangeeta1; Leaitch, W. Richard1; Huang, Lin1; Veber, Daniel1; Kolonjari, Felicia1; Zhang, Wendy1; Hanna, Sarah J.2; Bertram, Allan K.2; Ogren, John A.3,4 | |
2017-12-22 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 17期号:24 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Canada; USA |
英文摘要 | Absorption of sunlight by black carbon (BC) warms the atmosphere, which may be important for Arctic climate. The measurement of BC is complicated by the lack of a simple definition of BC and the absence of techniques that are uniquely sensitive to BC (e.g., Petzold et al., 2013). At the Global Atmosphere Watch baseline observatory in Alert, Nunavut (82.5 degrees N), BC mass is estimated in three ways, none of which fully represent BC: conversion of light absorption measured with an Aethalometer to give equivalent black carbon (EBC), thermal desorption of elemental carbon (EC) from weekly integrated filter samples to give EC, and measurement of incandescence from the refractory black carbon (rBC) component of individual particles using a single particle soot photometer (SP2). Based on measurements between March 2011 and December 2013, EBC and EC are 2.7 and 3.1 times higher than rBC, respectively. The EBC and EC measurements are influenced by factors other than just BC, and higher estimates of BC are expected from these techniques. Some bias in the rBC measurement may result from calibration uncertainties that are difficult to estimate here. Considering a number of factors, our best estimate of BC mass in Alert, which may be useful for evaluation of chemical transport models, is an average of the rBC and EC measurements with a range bounded by the rBC and EC combined with the respective measurement uncertainties. Winter, spring-, summer-, and fall-averaged (+/- atmospheric variability) estimates of BC mass in Alert for this study period are 49 +/- 28, 30 +/- 26, 22 +/- 13, and 29 +/- 9 ng m(-3), respectively. Average coating thicknesses estimated from the SP2 are 25 to 40% of the 160-180 nm diameter rBC core sizes. For particles of approximately 200-400 nm optical diameter, the fraction containing rBC cores is estimated to be between 10 and 16 %, but the possibility of smaller undetectable rBC cores in some of the particles cannot be excluded. Mass absorption coefficients (MACs) +/- uncertainty at 550 nm wavelength, calculated from light absorption measurements divided by the best estimates of the BC mass concentrations, are 8.0 +/- 4.0, 8.0 +/- 4.0, 5.0 +/- 2.5 and 9.0 +/- 4.5 m(2) g(-1), for winter, spring, summer, and fall, respectively. Adjusted to better estimate absorption by BC only, the winter and spring values of MACs are 7.6 +/- 3.8 and 7.7 +/- 3.8 m(2) g(-1). There is evidence that the MAC values increase with coating thickness. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000418426000002 |
WOS关键词 | LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE ; FILTER-BASED MEASUREMENTS ; PARTICLE SOOT PHOTOMETER ; VISIBLE-LIGHT ABSORPTION ; BROWN CARBON ; THERMAL MEASUREMENTS ; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES ; SOURCE ATTRIBUTION ; HUMIC-LIKE ; AEROSOL |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/23847 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Environm & Climate Change Canada, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Div Climate Res, Climate Chem Measurements & Res, 4905 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada; 2.Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC, Canada; 3.Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 4.NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Div, 325 Broadway R GMD, Boulder, CO 80305 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Sharma, Sangeeta,Leaitch, W. Richard,Huang, Lin,et al. An evaluation of three methods for measuring black carbon in Alert, Canada[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2017,17(24). |
APA | Sharma, Sangeeta.,Leaitch, W. Richard.,Huang, Lin.,Veber, Daniel.,Kolonjari, Felicia.,...&Ogren, John A..(2017).An evaluation of three methods for measuring black carbon in Alert, Canada.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,17(24). |
MLA | Sharma, Sangeeta,et al."An evaluation of three methods for measuring black carbon in Alert, Canada".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 17.24(2017). |
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