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DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-19-0311.1 |
Potential Vorticity and Balanced and Unbalanced Moisture | |
Alfredo N. Wetzel; Leslie M. Smith; Samuel N. Stechmann; Jonathan E. Martin; Yeyu Zhang | |
2020-05-06 | |
发表期刊 | Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences |
出版年 | 2020 |
英文摘要 | Atmospheric flows are often decomposed into balanced (low frequency) and unbalanced (high frequency) components. For a dry atmosphere, it is known that a single mode, the potential vorticity (PV), is enough to describe the balanced flow and determine its evolution. For a moist atmosphere with phase changes, on the other hand, balanced–unbalanced decompositions involve additional complexity. In this paper, we illustrate that additional balanced modes, beyond PV, arise from the moisture. To support and motivate the discussion, we consider balanced–unbalanced decompositions arising from a simplified Boussinesq numerical simulation and a hemispheric-sized channel simulation using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. One important role of the balanced moist modes is in the inversion principle that is used to recover the moist balanced flow: rather than traditional PV inversion that involves only the PV variable, it is PV-and-M inversion that is needed, involving M variables that describe the moist balanced modes. In examples of PV-and-M inversion, we show that one can decompose all significant atmospheric variables, including total water or water vapor, into balanced (vortical mode) and unbalanced (inertio-gravity wave) components. The moist inversion, thus, extends the traditional dry PV inversion to allow for moisture and phase changes. In addition, we illustrate that the moist balanced modes are essentially conserved quantities of the flow, and they act qualitatively as additional PV-like modes of the system that track balanced moisture. |
领域 | 地球科学 ; 气候变化 |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/249117 |
专题 | 地球科学 气候变化 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Alfredo N. Wetzel,Leslie M. Smith,Samuel N. Stechmann,et al. Potential Vorticity and Balanced and Unbalanced Moisture[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,2020. |
APA | Alfredo N. Wetzel,Leslie M. Smith,Samuel N. Stechmann,Jonathan E. Martin,&Yeyu Zhang.(2020).Potential Vorticity and Balanced and Unbalanced Moisture.Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. |
MLA | Alfredo N. Wetzel,et al."Potential Vorticity and Balanced and Unbalanced Moisture".Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (2020). |
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