Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1130/B31537.1 |
Rapid fluvial incision of a late Holocene lava flow: Insights from LiDAR, alluvial stratigraphy, and numerical modeling | |
Sweeney, Kristin E.1,2; Roering, Joshua J.3 | |
2017-03-01 | |
发表期刊 | GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
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ISSN | 0016-7606 |
EISSN | 1943-2674 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 129 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Volcanic eruptions fundamentally alter landscapes, paving over channels, decimating biota, and emplacing fresh, unweathered material. The fluvial incision of blocky lava flows is a geomorphic puzzle. First, high surface permeability and lack of sediment should preclude geomorphically effective surface runoff and dissection. Furthermore, past work has demonstrated the importance of extreme floods in driving incision via column toppling and plucking in columnar basalt, but it is unclear how incision occurs in systems where surface blocks are readily mobile. We examine rapid fluvial incision of the Collier lava flow, an andesitic Holocene lava flow in the High Cascades of Oregon. Since lava flow emplacement similar to 1600 yr ago, White Branch Creek has incised bedrock gorges up to 8 m deep into the coherent core of the lava flow and deposited >0.2 km(3) of sediment on the lava flow surface. Field observation points to a bimodal discharge regime in the channel, with evidence for both annual snowmelt runoff and outburst floods from Collier glacier, as well as historical evidence of vigorous glacial meltwater. To determine the range of discharge events capable of incision in White Branch Creek, we used a mechanistic model of fluvial abrasion. We show that the observed incision implies that moderate flows are capable of both initiating channel formation and sustaining incision. Our results have implications for the evolution of volcanic systems worldwide, where glaciation and/or mass wasting may accelerate fluvial processes by providing large amounts of sediment to otherwise porous, sediment-starved landscapes. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000396813200015 |
WOS关键词 | BEDROCK INCISION ; RIVER INCISION ; MOBILE-BED ; SEDIMENT ; EROSION ; DRAINAGE ; CANYON ; TOPOGRAPHY ; TECTONICS ; ABRASION |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/25215 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Portland, Dept Environm Studies, Portland, OR 97203 USA; 2.US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Cascade, WA 98683 USA; 3.Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Sweeney, Kristin E.,Roering, Joshua J.. Rapid fluvial incision of a late Holocene lava flow: Insights from LiDAR, alluvial stratigraphy, and numerical modeling[J]. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,2017,129. |
APA | Sweeney, Kristin E.,&Roering, Joshua J..(2017).Rapid fluvial incision of a late Holocene lava flow: Insights from LiDAR, alluvial stratigraphy, and numerical modeling.GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,129. |
MLA | Sweeney, Kristin E.,et al."Rapid fluvial incision of a late Holocene lava flow: Insights from LiDAR, alluvial stratigraphy, and numerical modeling".GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN 129(2017). |
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