Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-20-163-2020 |
Spatial and temporal variability in the ice-nucleating ability of alpine snowmelt and extension to frozen cloud fraction | |
Brennan, Killian P.1; David, Robert O.1,3; Borduas-Dedekind, Nadine1,2 | |
2020-01-06 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2020 |
卷号 | 20期号:1页码:163-180 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Switzerland; Norway |
英文摘要 | Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) produce ice from supercooled water droplets through heterogeneous freezing in the atmosphere. INPs have often been collected at the Jungfraujoch research station (at 3500ma.s.l.) in central Switzerland; yet spatially diverse data on INP occurrence in the Swiss Alps are scarce and remain uncharacterized. We address this scarcity through our Swiss alpine snow sample study which took place during the winter of 2018. We collected a total of 88 fallen snow samples across the Alps at 17 different locations and investigated the impact of altitude, terrain, time since last snowfall and depth upon freezing temperatures. The INP concentrations were measured using the home-built DRoplet Ice Nuclei Counter Zurich (DRINCZ) and were then compared to spatial, temporal and physicochemical parameters. Boxplots of the freezing temperatures showed large variability in INP occurrence, even for samples collected 10m apart on a plain and 1m apart in depth. Furthermore, undiluted samples had cumulative INP concentrations ranging between 1 and 200 INPmL-1 of snowmelt over a temperature range of -5 to -19 degrees C. From this field-collected dataset, we parameterized the cumulative INP concentrations per cubic meter of air as a function of temperature with the following equation c(air)*(T) = e(-0.7T-7.05), comparing well with previously reported precipitation data presented in Petters and Wright (2015). When assuming (1) a snow precipitation origin of the INPs, (2) a cloud water content of 0.4 gm(-3) and (3) a critical INP concentration for glaciation of 10m(-3), the majority of the snow precipitated from clouds with glaciation temperatures between -5 and -20 degrees C. Based on the observed variability in INP concentrations, we conclude that studies conducted at the high-altitude research station Jungfraujoch are representative for INP measurements in the Swiss Alps. Furthermore, the INP concentration estimates in precipitation allow us to extrapolate the concentrations to a frozen cloud fraction. Indeed, this approach for estimating the liquid water-to-ice ratio in mixed-phase clouds compares well with aircraft measurements, ground-based lidar and satellite retrievals of frozen cloud fractions. In all, the generated parameterization for INP concentrations in snowmelt could help estimate cloud glaciation temperatures. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000505679400001 |
WOS关键词 | MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS ; EMPIRICAL PARAMETERIZATION ; CRYSTAL CONCENTRATIONS ; FREEZING NUCLEATION ; ACTIVE BACTERIA ; ORGANIC-MATTER ; PARTICLES ; NUCLEI ; PRECIPITATION ; AEROSOL |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/278536 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland; 2.Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland; 3.Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, N-0315 Oslo, Norway |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Brennan, Killian P.,David, Robert O.,Borduas-Dedekind, Nadine. Spatial and temporal variability in the ice-nucleating ability of alpine snowmelt and extension to frozen cloud fraction[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2020,20(1):163-180. |
APA | Brennan, Killian P.,David, Robert O.,&Borduas-Dedekind, Nadine.(2020).Spatial and temporal variability in the ice-nucleating ability of alpine snowmelt and extension to frozen cloud fraction.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,20(1),163-180. |
MLA | Brennan, Killian P.,et al."Spatial and temporal variability in the ice-nucleating ability of alpine snowmelt and extension to frozen cloud fraction".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 20.1(2020):163-180. |
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