Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1029/2019JD031207 |
Modeling the Sources and Transport Processes During Extreme Ammonia Episodes in the US Corn Belt | |
Hu, Cheng1,2; Griffis, Timothy J.1; Baker, John M.1,3; Wood, Jeffrey D.4; Millet, Dylan B.1; Yu, Zhongjie1; Lee, Xuhui5,6 | |
2020-01-27 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
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ISSN | 2169-897X |
EISSN | 2169-8996 |
出版年 | 2020 |
卷号 | 125期号:2 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Peoples R China |
英文摘要 | Atmospheric ammonia (NH3)is the primary form of reactive nitrogen (N-r) and a precursor of ammonium (NH4+) aerosols. Ammonia has been linked to adverse impacts on human health, the loss of ecosystem biodiversity, and plays a key role in aerosol radiative forcing. The midwestern United States is the major NH3 source in North America because of dense livestock operations and the high use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. Here, we combine tall-tower (100 m) observations in Minnesota and Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) modeling to investigate high and low NH3 emission episodes within the U.S. Corn Belt to improve our understanding of the distribution of emission sources and transport processes. We examined observations and performed model simulations for cases in February through November of 2017 and 2018. The results showed the following: (1) Peak emissions in November 2017 were enhanced by above-normal air temperatures, implying a Q(10) (i.e., the change in NH3 emissions for a temperature increase of 10 degrees C) of 2.5 for emissions. (2) The intensive livestock emissions rom northern Iowa, approximately 400 km away from the tall tower, accounted for 17.6% of the abundance in tall-tower NH3 mixing ratios. (3) Ammonia mixing ratios in the innermost domain 3 frequently (i.e., 336 hr, 48% of November 2017) exceeded 5.3 ppb, an important air quality health standard. (4) In November 2017, simulated NH3 net ecosystem exchange (the difference between NH3 emissions and dry deposition) accounted for 60-65% of gross NH3 emissions for agricultural areas and was 2.8-3.1 times the emissions of forested areas. (5) We estimated a mean annual NH3 net ecosystem exchange of 1.60 +/- 0.06 nmol . m(-2) . s(-1) for agricultural lands and -0.07 +/- 0.02 nmol . m(-2) . s(-1) for forested lands. These results imply that future warmer fall temperatures will enhance agricultural NH3 emissions, increase the frequency of dangerous NH3 episodes, and enhance dry NH3 deposition in adjacent forested lands. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000521080000005 |
WOS关键词 | SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL ; RELAXED EDDY-ACCUMULATION ; AIR-QUALITY MODEL ; NITROGEN DEPOSITION ; ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA ; DRY DEPOSITION ; UNITED-STATES ; FLUX MEASUREMENTS ; AMBIENT AMMONIA ; EMISSIONS |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/280024 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA; 2.Nanjing Forestry Univ, Joint Ctr sustainable Forestry Southern China, Coll Biol & Environm, Nanjing, Peoples R China; 3.USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA; 4.Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO USA; 5.Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT USA; 6.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Int Joint Lab Climate & Environm Change ILCEC, Nanjing, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Hu, Cheng,Griffis, Timothy J.,Baker, John M.,et al. Modeling the Sources and Transport Processes During Extreme Ammonia Episodes in the US Corn Belt[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,2020,125(2). |
APA | Hu, Cheng.,Griffis, Timothy J..,Baker, John M..,Wood, Jeffrey D..,Millet, Dylan B..,...&Lee, Xuhui.(2020).Modeling the Sources and Transport Processes During Extreme Ammonia Episodes in the US Corn Belt.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,125(2). |
MLA | Hu, Cheng,et al."Modeling the Sources and Transport Processes During Extreme Ammonia Episodes in the US Corn Belt".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 125.2(2020). |
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