Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention

doi:10.1126/science.abb9601

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abb9601
	Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention
	Anne Marie Lennon; Adam H. Buchanan; Isaac Kinde; Andrew Warren; Ashley Honushefsky; Ariella T. Cohain; David H. Ledbetter; Fred Sanfilippo; Kathleen Sheridan; Dillenia Rosica; Christian S. Adonizio; Hee Jung Hwang; Kamel Lahouel; Joshua D. Cohen; Christopher Douville; Aalpen A. Patel; Leonardo N. Hagmann; David D. Rolston; Nirav Malani; Shibin Zhou; Chetan Bettegowda; David L. Diehl; Bobbi Urban; Christopher D. Still; Lisa Kann; Julie I. Woods; Zachary M. Salvati; Joseph Vadakara; Rosemary Leeming; Prianka Bhattacharya; Carroll Walter; Alex Parker; Christoph Lengauer; Alison Klein; Cristian Tomasetti; Elliot K. Fishman; Ralph H. Hruban; Kenneth W. Kinzler; Bert Vogelstein; Nickolas Papadopoulos
	2020-07-03
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2020
英文摘要	Cancers diagnosed early are often more responsive to treatment. Blood tests that detect molecular markers of cancer have successfully identified individuals already known to have the disease. Lennon et al. conducted an exploratory study that more closely reflects the way in which such blood tests would be used in the future. They evaluated the feasibility and safety of incorporating a multicancer blood test into the routine clinical care of 10,000 women with no history of cancer. Over a 12-month period, the blood test detected 26 cancers of different types. A combination of the blood test and positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging led to surgical removal of nine of these cancers. Use of the blood test did not result in a large number of futile follow-up procedures. Science , this issue p. [eabb9601][1] ### INTRODUCTION The goal of earlier cancer detection is to identify the disease at a stage when it can be effectively treated, thereby offering the patient a better chance of long-term survival. Adherence to screening modalities known to decrease cancer mortality such as colonoscopy, mammography, low-dose computed tomography, and Pap smears varies widely. Moreover, the majority of cancer types are diagnosed only when symptoms occur. Multicancer blood tests offer the exciting possibility of detecting many cancer types at a relatively early stage and in a minimally invasive manner. ### RATIONALE Evaluation of the feasibility and safety of multicancer blood testing requires prospective interventional studies. We designed such a study to answer four critical questions: (i) Can a multicancer blood test detect cancers not previously detected by other means? (ii) Can a positive test result lead to surgical intervention with curative intent? (iii) Can testing be incorporated into routine clinical care and not discourage patients from undergoing recommended screening tests such as mammography? (iv) Can testing be performed safely, without incurring a large number of unnecessary, invasive follow-up tests? ### RESULTS We evaluated a blood test that detects DNA mutations and protein biomarkers of cancer in a prospective, interventional study of 10,006 women who were 65 to 75 years old and who had no prior history of cancer. Positive blood tests were followed by diagnostic positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT), which served to independently confirm and precisely localize the site and extent of disease if present. The study design incorporated several features to maximize the safety of testing to the participants. Of the 10,006 enrollees, 9911 (99.1%) could be assessed with respect to the four questions posed above. (i) Detection: Of 96 cancers incident during the study period, 26 were first detected by blood testing and 24 additional cancers by conventional screening. Fifteen of the 26 patients in whom cancer was first detected by blood testing underwent PET-CT imaging, and 11 patients developed signs or symptoms of cancer after the blood test that led to imaging procedures other than PET-CT. The specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of blood testing alone were 98.9% and 19.4%, respectively, and combined with PET-CT, the specificity and PPV increased to 99.6% and 28.3%. The blood test first detected 14 of 45 cancers (31%) in seven organs for which no standard-of-care screening test is available. (ii) Intervention: Of the 26 cancers first detected by blood testing, 17 (65%) had localized or regional disease. Of the 15 participants with positive blood tests as well as positive PET-CT scans, 9 (60%) underwent surgery with curative intent. (iii) Incorporation into clinical care: Blood testing could be combined with conventional screening, leading to detection of more than half of the total incident cancers observed during the study period. Blood testing did not deter participants from undergoing mammography, and surveys revealed that 99% of participants would join a similar, subsequent study if offered. (iv) Safety: 99% of participants did not require any follow-up of blood testing results, and only 0.22% underwent an unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedure as a result of a false-positive blood test. ### CONCLUSION A minimally invasive blood test in combination with PET-CT can safely detect and precisely localize several types of cancers in individuals not previously known to have cancer, in some cases enabling treatment with intent to cure. Further studies will be required to assess the clinical utility, risk-benefit ratio, and cost-effectiveness of such testing. ![Figure][2] Overview of cancers detected by blood testing. Twenty-six cancers (blue dots) in 10 organs were first detected by blood testing. The blue dots with the red halo represent 12 of the 26 cancers that were surgically treated with intent to cure. Nine of these 12 were detected by the combination of the blood test and PET-CT, with the remaining three identified by the blood test combined with another imaging modality. Cancer treatments are often more successful when the disease is detected early. We evaluated the feasibility and safety of multicancer blood testing coupled with positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging to detect cancer in a prospective, interventional study of 10,006 women not previously known to have cancer. Positive blood tests were independently confirmed by a diagnostic PET-CT, which also localized the cancer. Twenty-six cancers were detected by blood testing. Of these, 15 underwent PET-CT imaging and nine (60%) were surgically excised. Twenty-four additional cancers were detected by standard-of-care screening and 46 by neither approach. One percent of participants underwent PET-CT imaging based on false-positive blood tests, and 0.22% underwent a futile invasive diagnostic procedure. These data demonstrate that multicancer blood testing combined with PET-CT can be safely incorporated into routine clinical care, in some cases leading to surgery with intent to cure. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abb9601 [2]: pending:yes
领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
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文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/281870
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Anne Marie Lennon,Adam H. Buchanan,Isaac Kinde,et al. Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention[J]. Science,2020.
APA	Anne Marie Lennon.,Adam H. Buchanan.,Isaac Kinde.,Andrew Warren.,Ashley Honushefsky.,...&Nickolas Papadopoulos.(2020).Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention.Science.
MLA	Anne Marie Lennon,et al."Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention".Science (2020).