Major Volcanic Eruptions and their impacts on Southern Hemisphere temperatures during the late‐19th and 20th centuries, as simulated by CMIP5 models

doi:10.1029/2020GL087792

While much is known about the impacts of volcanic forcing on Northern Hemisphere (NH) climates, knowledge about Southern Hemisphere (SH) responses is still in its infancy. We examine volcanic impacts on SH temperatures following eight major late‐19^th and 20^th century eruptions (Krakatau, 1883; Tarawera, 1886; Santa Maria, 1902; Colima, 1913; Quizapu, 1932; Agung, 1963; El Chichón, 1982; Pinatubo, 1991). CMIP5 historical simulations are used to analyze near‐surface land temperatures. We demonstrate that four of the eight major eruptions (Krakatau, Santa Maria, Agung and Pinatubo) significantly lowered mean SH temperatures; these tropical eruptions emitted at least 20Tg of SO₂ into the stratosphere. SH responses typically lagged NH temperature cooling responses by one‐two months, excluding Pinatubo. Responses differ spatially and temporally with each eruption, highlighting the importance of investigating events individually. Overall, we observe relatively strong (between ‐0.19°C and ‐0.36°C) austral autumn/winter SH cooling.

DOI	10.1029/2020GL087792
	Major Volcanic Eruptions and their impacts on Southern Hemisphere temperatures during the late‐19th and 20th centuries, as simulated by CMIP5 models
	P. J. Harvey; S. W. Grab; J. Malherbe
	2020-07-08
发表期刊	Geophysical Research Letters
出版年	2020
英文摘要	While much is known about the impacts of volcanic forcing on Northern Hemisphere (NH) climates, knowledge about Southern Hemisphere (SH) responses is still in its infancy. We examine volcanic impacts on SH temperatures following eight major late‐19^th and 20^th century eruptions (Krakatau, 1883; Tarawera, 1886; Santa Maria, 1902; Colima, 1913; Quizapu, 1932; Agung, 1963; El Chichón, 1982; Pinatubo, 1991). CMIP5 historical simulations are used to analyze near‐surface land temperatures. We demonstrate that four of the eight major eruptions (Krakatau, Santa Maria, Agung and Pinatubo) significantly lowered mean SH temperatures; these tropical eruptions emitted at least 20Tg of SO₂ into the stratosphere. SH responses typically lagged NH temperature cooling responses by one‐two months, excluding Pinatubo. Responses differ spatially and temporally with each eruption, highlighting the importance of investigating events individually. Overall, we observe relatively strong (between ‐0.19°C and ‐0.36°C) austral autumn/winter SH cooling.
领域	气候变化
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引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/283344
专题	气候变化
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	P. J. Harvey,S. W. Grab,J. Malherbe. Major Volcanic Eruptions and their impacts on Southern Hemisphere temperatures during the late‐19th and 20th centuries, as simulated by CMIP5 models[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2020.
APA	P. J. Harvey,S. W. Grab,&J. Malherbe.(2020).Major Volcanic Eruptions and their impacts on Southern Hemisphere temperatures during the late‐19th and 20th centuries, as simulated by CMIP5 models.Geophysical Research Letters.
MLA	P. J. Harvey,et al."Major Volcanic Eruptions and their impacts on Southern Hemisphere temperatures during the late‐19th and 20th centuries, as simulated by CMIP5 models".Geophysical Research Letters (2020).

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