GSTDTAP  > 地球科学
DOI10.1130/B35337.1
The timing and compositional evolution of volcanism within northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Stelten, Mark E.1; Downs, Drew T.1; Champion, Duane E.1; Dietterich, Hannah R.2; Calvert, Andrew T.1; Sisson, Thomas W.1; Mahood, Gail A.3; Zahran, Hani4
2020-07-01
发表期刊GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
ISSN0016-7606
EISSN1943-2674
出版年2020
卷号132期号:7-8页码:1381-1403
文章类型Article
语种英语
国家USA; Saudi Arabia
英文摘要

Harrat Rahat, one of several large, basalt-dominated volcanic fields in western Saudi Arabia, is a prime example of continental, intraplate volcanism. Excellent exposure makes this an outstanding site to investigate changing volcanic flux and composition through time. We present 93 (40)/Ar-39 ages and six Cl-36 surface-exposure ages for volcanic deposits throughout northern Harrat Rahat that, when integrated with a new geologic map, define 12 eruptive stages. Exposed volcanic deposits in the study area erupted <1.2 Ma, and 214 of 234 eruptions occurred <570 ka. Two eruptions occurred in the Holocene, including a historically described basalt eruption in 1256 C.E. and a trachyte eruption newly recognized as Holocene (4.2 +/- 5.2 ka). An estimated similar to 82 km(3) (dense rock equivalent) of volcanic product have erupted since 1.2 Ma, though this is a lower limit due to concealment of deposits >570 ka. Over the past 570 k.y., the average eruption rate was 0.14 km(3)/k.y., but volcanism was episodic with periods alternating between low (0.040.06 km(3)/k.y.) and high (0.1-0.3 km(3)/k.y.) effusion rates. Before 180 ka, eruptions vented from the volcanic field's dominant eastern vent axis and from a subsidiary, diffuse, western vent axis. After 180 ka, volcanism focused along the eastern vent axis, and the composition of volcanism varied systematically along its length from basalt dominated in the north to trachyte dominated in the south. We hypothesize that these compositional variations <180 ka reflect the growth of a mafic intrusive complex beneath the southern portion of the vent axis, which led to the development of evolved magmas.


领域地球科学
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000545115400003
WOS关键词AR-40/AR-39 GEOCHRONOLOGY ; RED-SEA ; FIELD ; GEOCHEMISTRY ; LITHOSPHERE ; HISTORY ; OREGON ; GROWTH ; PLATE ; RATES
WOS类目Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Geology
引用统计
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/289417
专题地球科学
作者单位1.US Geol Survey, Calif Volcano Observ, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA;
2.US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4230 Univ Dr,Suite 100, Anchorage, AK 99058 USA;
3.Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;
4.Saudi Geol Survey, Natl Ctr Earthquakes & Volcanoes, POB 54141, Jeddah 21514, Saudi Arabia
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GB/T 7714
Stelten, Mark E.,Downs, Drew T.,Champion, Duane E.,et al. The timing and compositional evolution of volcanism within northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia[J]. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,2020,132(7-8):1381-1403.
APA Stelten, Mark E..,Downs, Drew T..,Champion, Duane E..,Dietterich, Hannah R..,Calvert, Andrew T..,...&Zahran, Hani.(2020).The timing and compositional evolution of volcanism within northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,132(7-8),1381-1403.
MLA Stelten, Mark E.,et al."The timing and compositional evolution of volcanism within northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia".GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN 132.7-8(2020):1381-1403.
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