Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0115.1 |
Supersaturation Fluctuations during the Early Stage of Cumulus Formation | |
Siebert, Holger1; Shaw, Raymond A.2 | |
2017-04-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 74期号:4 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Germany; USA |
英文摘要 | On time scales that are long compared to the phase relaxation time, a quasi-steady supersaturation s(qs) is expected to exist in clouds. On shorter time scales, however, turbulent fluctuations of temperature and water vapor concentration should generate fluctuations in supersaturation. The variability of temperature, water vapor, and supersaturation has been measured in situ with submeter resolution in warm, continental, shallow cumulus clouds. Several cumuli with horizontal extents of order 100m were sampled during their first appearance and development to depths of similar to 100m in a growing boundary layer. Fluctuations of the saturation ratio are observed to be approximately normally distributed with standard deviations on the order of 1%. This variability is almost one order of magnitude larger than s(qs) calculated using simultaneous measurements of the vertical velocity component and the droplet size distribution. It is argued that, depending on the ratio of the phase relaxation and the turbulent mixing time, substantial fluctuations in the supersaturation field can exist on small spatial scales, centered on s(qs) for the mean state. The observations also suggest that, on larger scales, fluctuations of the supersaturation field are damped by cloud droplet growth. Droplets with diameters of up to 20 mu m were observed in the shallow cumulus clouds, whereas the adiabatic diameter was less than 10 mm. Such large droplets may be explained by a few droplets experiencing the highest observed supersaturations for a certain time. Consequences for aerosol activation and droplet size dispersion in a highly fluctuating supersaturation field are briefly discussed. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000399333700002 |
WOS关键词 | CLOUD DROPLET GROWTH ; CONDENSATION ; TURBULENCE ; MICROPHYSICS ; EVOLUTION |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/29262 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany; 2.Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Siebert, Holger,Shaw, Raymond A.. Supersaturation Fluctuations during the Early Stage of Cumulus Formation[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2017,74(4). |
APA | Siebert, Holger,&Shaw, Raymond A..(2017).Supersaturation Fluctuations during the Early Stage of Cumulus Formation.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,74(4). |
MLA | Siebert, Holger,et al."Supersaturation Fluctuations during the Early Stage of Cumulus Formation".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 74.4(2017). |
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