Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0224.1 |
Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice-Ice Collisions. Part I: Theoretical Formulation | |
Phillips, Vaughan T. J.1; Yano, Jun-Ichi2,3; Khain, Alexander4 | |
2017-06-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 74期号:6 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Sweden; France; Israel |
英文摘要 | For decades, enhancement of ice concentrations above those of active ice nucleus aerosols was observed in deep clouds with tops too warm for homogeneous freezing, indicating fragmentation of ice (multiplication). Several possible mechanisms of fragmentation have been suggested from laboratory studies, and one of these involves fragmentation in ice-ice collisions. In this two-part paper, the role of breakup in ice-ice collisions in a convective storm consisting of many cloud types is assessed with a modeling approach. The colliding ice particles can belong to any microphysical species, such as crystals, snow, graupel, hail, or freezing drops. In the present study (Part I), a full physical formulation of initiation of cloud ice by mechanical breakup in collisions involving snow, graupel, and/or hail is developed based on an energy conservation principle. Theoretically uncertain parameters are estimated by simulating laboratory and field experiments already published in the literature. Here, collision kinetic energy (CKE) is the fundamental governing variable of fragmentation in any collision, because it measures the energy available for breakage by work done to create the new surface of fragments. The developed formulation is general in the sense that it includes all the types of fragmentation observed in previous published studies and encompasses collisions of either snow or crystals with graupel/hail, collisions among only graupel/hail, and collisions among only snow/crystals. It explains the observed dependencies on CKE, size, temperature, and degree of prior riming. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000403101200002 |
WOS关键词 | CLOUDS ; PARTICLES ; SURFACES ; PARAMETERIZATION ; DISTRIBUTIONS ; CRYSTAL ; GRAUPEL |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/29658 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Lund, Sweden; 2.Meteo France, CNRM UMR3589, Toulouse, France; 3.CNRS, Toulouse, France; 4.Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Phillips, Vaughan T. J.,Yano, Jun-Ichi,Khain, Alexander. Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice-Ice Collisions. Part I: Theoretical Formulation[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2017,74(6). |
APA | Phillips, Vaughan T. J.,Yano, Jun-Ichi,&Khain, Alexander.(2017).Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice-Ice Collisions. Part I: Theoretical Formulation.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,74(6). |
MLA | Phillips, Vaughan T. J.,et al."Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice-Ice Collisions. Part I: Theoretical Formulation".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 74.6(2017). |
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