Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0066.1 |
The Impact of Vertical Wind Shear on Hail Growth in Simulated Supercells | |
Dennis, Eli J.; Kumjian, Matthew R. | |
2017-03-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 74期号:3 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Severe hailstorms produce over $1 billion in insured losses annually in the United States, yet details of a given storm's hail threat (e.g., maximum hailstone size and total hailfall) remain challenging to forecast. Previous research suggests that, in addition to maximum updraft speed, the storm-relative airflow could be equally important for hail formation and growth. This study is a first step toward determining how changes in environmental wind shear and subsequent changes in simulated supercell storm structure affect hail growth. Using Cloud Model 1 (CM1) with 500-m horizontal and 250-m vertical grid spacing, 20 idealized simulations are performed in which the thermodynamic profile remains fixed but the environmental hodograph is systematically altered. Hail growth is quantified using the hail mass mixing ratio from composites of storms over the last hour of simulation time. Hailstone growth "pseudotrajectories'' are computed from these storm composites to determine favorable embryo source regions. Results indicate that increased deep-layer east-west shear elongates the storm's updraft in that direction, providing 1) increased volumes over which microphysically relevant hail processes can act, 2) increased hailstone residence times within the updraft, and 3) a larger potential embryo source region; together, these lead to increased hail mass. Increased low-level north-south shear, which results in hodographs with increased 0-3-km storm-relative helicity, also elongates the updraft in the north-south direction. However, hail mass is reduced owing to a separation of favorable embryo source regions (which shift southward) and available hydrometeors to serve as embryos (which shift northward). |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000394344800001 |
WOS关键词 | BULK MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION ; HIGH-PLAINS SUPERCELL ; RAPID UPDATE CYCLE ; PART I ; AIR-FLOW ; SUPPRESSION EXPERIMENT ; NORTHEAST COLORADO ; CONVECTIVE STORMS ; SQUALL LINES ; THUNDERSTORM |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/29813 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Atmospher Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dennis, Eli J.,Kumjian, Matthew R.. The Impact of Vertical Wind Shear on Hail Growth in Simulated Supercells[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2017,74(3). |
APA | Dennis, Eli J.,&Kumjian, Matthew R..(2017).The Impact of Vertical Wind Shear on Hail Growth in Simulated Supercells.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,74(3). |
MLA | Dennis, Eli J.,et al."The Impact of Vertical Wind Shear on Hail Growth in Simulated Supercells".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 74.3(2017). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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