Mediterranean sharks and rays need action

doi:10.1126/science.abg1943

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abg1943
	Mediterranean sharks and rays need action
	Marco Milazzo; Carlo Cattano; Sara A. A. Al Mabruk; Ioannis Giovos
	2021-01-22
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2021
英文摘要	After news spread that endangered sharks were being openly sold off in chunks in marketplaces in Tunisia, more than 30 nongovernmental organizations appealed to Tunisian authorities to put an end to the practice ([ 1 ][1]). In response, the Tunisian government circulated a note to fishery officials at ports to enforce the ban on catching, landing, and marketing of 21 out of 24 species of sharks and rays listed on Annex II of the Barcelona Convention ([ 2 ][2]), pending the inclusion of these species in the national legislation. This is a positive step in the protection of these species, given that Tunisia has the largest North African fishing fleet ([ 3 ][3]), second only to Libya for shark fishing in the Mediterranean, and that North African countries landed 70% of Mediterranean elasmobranch catches in 2018 ([ 4 ][4]). More than half of Mediterranean sharks and rays that are caught deliberately or as bycatch are Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Vulnerable ([ 5 ][5]). An additional 20% of species lack sufficient data to classify ([ 5 ][5]). The list of species landed at ports includes many that have already disappeared in several parts of the Mediterranean, such as the spiny butterfly ray, angel shark, guitarfish, sandbar shark, and blue shark, as well as the majestic shortfin mako and iconic great white shark ([ 6 ][6]). The recent action by Tunisian authorities will not be enough to curtail fishing of elasmobranchs that are in danger of extinction. The country must enact a new national fishery law that without legal uncertainty will protect threatened sharks and rays along its coast. Similarly, the governments of all Mediterranean countries, which have for too long turned a blind eye to mislabeled products and food fraud ([ 7 ][7], [ 8 ][8]) and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing of sharks and rays ([ 6 ][6]), should more strictly enforce their existing conservation and food security policies by increasing controls in harbors, markets, and processing industries. Further protective measures should include international agreements to create sanctuaries offshore and in the birthing and nursery grounds where many of the endangered sharks and rays congregate in the Mediterranean ([ 9 ][9]). These should be key priorities for EU policy-makers tasked with the success of the European Green Deal and the international community's efforts to meet sustainable targets on biodiversity and healthy oceans by 2030. 1. [↵][10]Letter to Minister Akissa Bahri (2020); . 2. [↵][11]United Nations Environment Programme, Mediterranean Action Plan, Mediterranean Biodiversity Centre, “SPA/BD protocol—Annex II: List of endangered or threatened species” (2018); [www.rac-spa.org/sites/default/files/annex/annex\_2\_en_20182.pdf][12]. 3. [↵][13]Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean, “The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2020” (Rome, 2020); [www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb2429en][14]. 4. [↵][15]Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Fisheries Division, Statistics and Information Branch, “GFCM (Mediterranean and Black Sea) capture production” (2020); [www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/gfcm-capture-production/en][16]. 5. [↵][17]1. F. Serena et al ., Eur. Zool. J. 87, 497 (2020). [OpenUrl][18] 6. [↵][19]World Wildlife Fund Mediterranean Marine Initiative, “Sharks and rays: A deadly harvest” (2020); [https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf\_iuu\_sharks\_and\_rays\_briefing\_2020\_v6\_\_1\_.pdf][20]. 7. [↵][21]1. V. Ferrito et al ., Foods 8, 537 (2019). [OpenUrl][22] 8. [↵][23]1. I. Giovos et al ., Mar. Pol. 112, 103730 (2020). [OpenUrl][24] 9. [↵][25]1. M. N. Bradai United Nations Environment Programme, Mediterranean Action Plan, Mediterranean Biodiversity Centre, “Action plan for the conservation of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichtyans) in the Mediterranean Sea,” M. N. Bradai, Ed. (Tunis, 2020); [www.rac-spa.org/sites/default/files/action_plans/elasmo.pdf][26]. M.M. receives funding from the University of Palermo Fondo Finalizzato alla Ricerca project. Elasmobranch conservation efforts of iSea (I.G.'s employer) in the Mediterranean sea include support from in-kind contributions to OceanCare, the Shark Conservation Fund, the Green Fund, and the Save Our Seas Foundation. [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #ref-2 [3]: #ref-3 [4]: #ref-4 [5]: #ref-5 [6]: #ref-6 [7]: #ref-7 [8]: #ref-8 [9]: #ref-9 [10]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text" [11]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2 in text" [12]: http://www.rac-spa.org/sites/default/files/annex/annex_2_en_20182.pdf [13]: #xref-ref-3-1 "View reference 3 in text" [14]: http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb2429en [15]: #xref-ref-4-1 "View reference 4 in text" [16]: http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/gfcm-capture-production/en [17]: #xref-ref-5-1 "View reference 5 in text" [18]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DEur.%2BZool.%2BJ.%26rft.volume%253D87%26rft.spage%253D497%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [19]: #xref-ref-6-1 "View reference 6 in text" [20]: https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_iuu_sharks_and_rays_briefing_2020_v6__1_.pdf [21]: #xref-ref-7-1 "View reference 7 in text" [22]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DFoods%26rft.volume%253D8%26rft.spage%253D537%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [23]: #xref-ref-8-1 "View reference 8 in text" [24]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DMar.%2BPol.%26rft.volume%253D112%26rft.spage%253D103730%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [25]: #xref-ref-9-1 "View reference 9 in text" [26]: http://www.rac-spa.org/sites/default/files/action_plans/elasmo.pdf
领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
URL	查看原文
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/312345
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Marco Milazzo,Carlo Cattano,Sara A. A. Al Mabruk,et al. Mediterranean sharks and rays need action[J]. Science,2021.
APA	Marco Milazzo,Carlo Cattano,Sara A. A. Al Mabruk,&Ioannis Giovos.(2021).Mediterranean sharks and rays need action.Science.
MLA	Marco Milazzo,et al."Mediterranean sharks and rays need action".Science (2021).