Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
Understanding Violent Extremism, 'Blockships,' VMT Fee: RAND Weekly Recap | |
admin | |
2021-04-02 | |
发布年 | 2021 |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | 美国 |
领域 | 资源环境 |
正文(英文) | We discuss firsthand accounts of violent extremism; the Suez Canal grounding; why it may be time to consider a Vehicle Miles Traveled fee; tools to fight foreign election interference; Colombia's trailblazing model for refugees; and retaliation against military sexual assault victims. Learning from Firsthand Accounts of Violent ExtremismTerrorism and ideologically inspired violence represent a persistent, serious threat to national security. On January 6, Americans watched this threat become a reality in the deadly attacks on the U.S. Capitol. Why do individuals join extremist organizations? How do they become radicalized? And what could lead them to eventually leave such groups? To help answer these questions, RAND researchers interviewed former extremists and their family members, representing 32 unique stories of 24 white supremacists and eight Islamic extremists. Here are just a few of the key takeaways:
The insights gleaned from these interviews helped RAND researchers develop recommendations to prevent radicalization and promote deradicalization. The findings also emphasize the importance of incorporating the voices of individuals who have personal experience with radical ideology into U.S. efforts to counter violent extremism. The Suez Grounding Was an Accident. The Next Blockage Might Not BeA massive container ship blocked the Suez Canal for six days before finally being dislodged on Monday. The incident is a reminder of the “fragility of maritime lifelines,” says RAND's Scott Savitz. And although it was an accident, there is a long history of intentionally grounding vessels, a tactic known as “blockships.” With new technologies, such as unmanned ships and cyber warfare, blockship strategies have become even more effective—and potentially more dangerous, says Savitz. Time for a Vehicle Miles Traveled Fee?The gas tax no longer suffices to pay for America's roads and bridges; it hasn't kept up with inflation, and cars are becoming more and more fuel-efficient. What if the gas tax was replaced by a federal vehicle miles traveled fee, or VMT, that charges motorists based on how far they drive? Like any new tax, a VMT fee would be unpopular. But according to RAND's Liisa Ecola and Laura Patton, the main obstacles—privacy concerns, fear of double taxation, and political will—can be overcome. Can PSAs Help Fight Foreign Election Interference?During future U.S. elections, Russia may try again to manipulate and divide voters using social media. In a new study, RAND researchers conducted focus groups to find out whether public service announcements could prevent foreign disinformation from taking hold. Participants were first shown Russian-made memes designed to breed conflict; most mistakenly assumed that this content came from Americans. Then, they were shown a PSA about foreign election interference. Most participants responded positively, especially after learning that the memes they viewed came from Russia. Colombia's Trailblazing Model for RefugeesColombia recently announced it will give temporary protection status to a million undocumented Venezuelan refugees. Refugees will be permitted to work legally for 10 years while contributing to the tax base that funds social services. RAND experts say this approach benefits both the refugees and the host country. And by giving refugees a reprieve to earn a living, “Colombia is promoting economic inclusion in the face of a persistent global problem.” Retaliation Against Military Sexual Assault VictimsFear of retaliation is often identified as a barrier to reporting sexual assault in the U.S. military. But little is known about the predictors of such retaliation. A new RAND report helps to fill this gap, documenting factors that may increase the risk for perceived professional and social retaliation against U.S. service women who have been sexually assaulted. Among the key findings: Perceived professional retaliation was a higher risk when the perpetrator had authority over the assault survivor via the chain of command. Get Weekly Updates from RANDIf you enjoyed this weekly recap, consider subscribing to Policy Currents, our newsletter and podcast. |
URL | 查看原文 |
来源平台 | RAND Corporation |
文献类型 | 新闻 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/320710 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | admin. Understanding Violent Extremism, 'Blockships,' VMT Fee: RAND Weekly Recap. 2021. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
个性服务 |
推荐该条目 |
保存到收藏夹 |
查看访问统计 |
导出为Endnote文件 |
谷歌学术 |
谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
[admin]的文章 |
百度学术 |
百度学术中相似的文章 |
[admin]的文章 |
必应学术 |
必应学术中相似的文章 |
[admin]的文章 |
相关权益政策 |
暂无数据 |
收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。
修改评论