资源环境科技发展态势分析平台

The Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) plays an important role in El Niño dynamics in connection with westerly wind bursts (WWBs) over the equatorial Pacific; however, our understanding of the relationship between these climate phenomena remains incomplete. Here we use a Lagrangian Atmospheric Model (LAM) to examine the response of the MJO and resulting WWBs to SST anomalies observed during the onset and development of El Niño. We find that when an idealized SST anomaly (∼0.5K) is imposed in the western‐central equatorial Pacific between December and April (mimicking El Niño onset), the leading edge of the MJO convective envelope shifts towards the equator. When an SST anomaly (∼1K) is imposed in the central‐eastern equatorial Pacific between May and November (mimicking El Niño development), the MJO strengthens in the central equatorial Pacific, but weakens in the western north Pacific. In both cases, the ensuing changes enhance MJO activity along the equator, facilitating WWBs.