Biodiversity research in a changing Afghanistan

doi:10.1126/science.abj8118

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abj8118
	Biodiversity research in a changing Afghanistan
	Daniel Jablonski; Abdul Basit; Javeed Farooqi; Rafaqat Masroor; Wolfgang Böhme
	2021-06-25
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2021
英文摘要	In the second half of the 20th century, 90% of major armed conflicts took place in countries that fall in biodiversity hotspots ([ 1 ][1]). Afghanistan is not considered a biodiversity hotspot ([ 2 ][2]), but this designation may be inaccurate. Biodiversity research is thus desperately needed to add to our knowledge of the region. Afghanistan has suffered from more than 40 years of political instability and civil war, hindering far-reaching conservation research activities ([ 3 ][3]). The golden age of Afghanistan's biodiversity research took place decades ago ([ 4 ][4], [ 5 ][5]), before the advent of DNA techniques used to evaluate biodiversity today. Afghanistan's biodiversity research is mostly based on museum collections assembled in the 1970s or before ([ 6 ][6]–[ 8 ][7]). Given the country's unique position, which is influenced by the Palearctic and Oriental biogeographical realms, and its habitat diversity, Afghanistan may hold a high level of hidden species and genetic diversity that are crucial for understanding the historical biogeography of Asia. Mountains have driven past speciation events worldwide ([ 9 ][8]), yet the mostly mountainous Afghanistan has remained unexplored ([ 6 ][6]). The first Afghan national park was established only 12 years ago, and others have followed, providing hope that wildlife research and conservation would contribute to the stability of the country ([ 3 ][3], [ 10 ][9]). Although these national parks are a step forward, we still have little information about the distribution of the country's diverse biota or the threats that they face. Many species are likely in circumstances similar to the endemic, critically endangered mountain salamander, Paradactylodon ( Afghanodon ) mustersi , which is virtually unprotected and at increased risk due to human activities ([ 11 ][10]). Despite the ongoing unrest in Afghanistan ([ 12 ][11]), the Afghan government must prioritize biodiversity research. Taking each local security situation into account, the government should work together with local universities and conservation organizations to bridge gaps in biodiversity research and seek support from the international scientific community. Protected areas should be expanded, and local communities should be supported and empowered to safeguard them. Scientists should collaborate to reestablish and update natural history museum collections, identify species-rich areas, assemble comprehensive checklists of biota, and create national distribution atlases for all known species, especially those that are endangered. 1. [↵][12]1. T. 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领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
URL	查看原文
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/334098
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Daniel Jablonski,Abdul Basit,Javeed Farooqi,et al. Biodiversity research in a changing Afghanistan[J]. Science,2021.
APA	Daniel Jablonski,Abdul Basit,Javeed Farooqi,Rafaqat Masroor,&Wolfgang Böhme.(2021).Biodiversity research in a changing Afghanistan.Science.
MLA	Daniel Jablonski,et al."Biodiversity research in a changing Afghanistan".Science (2021).