Undermining Colombia's peace and environment

doi:10.1126/science.abj8367

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abj8367
	Undermining Colombia's peace and environment
	Alejandro Salazar; Juan F. Salazar; Santiago J. Sánchez-Pacheco; Adriana Sanchez; Eloisa Lasso; Juan C. Villegas; Paola A. Arias; Germán Poveda; Ángela M. Rendón; Maria R. Uribe; Juan C. Pérez; Jeffrey S. Dukes
	2021-07-16
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2021
英文摘要	In 2016, Colombia's government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) signed a long-awaited peace agreement. Although promising for Colombia's people, the agreement came with environmental risks given that FARC had unintentionally protected vast areas of forest by using them as camouflage ([ 1 ][1]). Because Colombia had enjoyed a trend of improvements in safety ([ 2 ][2]), wealth ([ 3 ][3]), and equity ([ 4 ][4])—socioeconomic variables that affect the relationship people have with the environment ([ 5 ][5], [ 6 ][6])—it seemed possible that Colombia's government could work with local communities to better protect the country's important biodiversity and ecosystems. Unfortunately, with the 2018 election of President Iván Duque, the local communities critical to environmental stewardship have been put in jeopardy once again. Duque openly campaigned against the 2016 peace agreement and has worked to undermine it since the election. He objected to the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, a transitional tribunal that investigates crimes against humanity committed by all actors involved in Colombia's decades-long conflict ([ 7 ][7]). His administration also launched a controversial military operation that penalized local communities for their relatively small role in deforestation without prosecuting the well-connected and politically influential actors known to drive deforestation at a substantially larger scale ([ 8 ][8]). In June, Duque's government seemed to take a positive step by supporting a new law that creates opportunities for fighting against deforestation ([ 9 ][9]). However, his political party undermined this progress by blocking both the ratification of the Escazú Agreement ([ 10 ][10]), a Latin American and Caribbean treaty that pledges multilateral efforts toward sustainability and environmental protection in an effort to support the most vulnerable people, and the implementation of the Agrarian Specialty project ([ 11 ][11]), an initiative aligned with the goals of the peace agreement that would have facilitated resolutions to land disputes. Environmental protection in Colombia depends on the empowerment and cooperation of local people ([ 12 ][12]). The rapid increase in violence, poverty, and inequity that coincides with Duque's actions against the peace process ([ 2 ][2]–[ 4 ][4]) has created societal conditions that could accelerate the disruption of endangered ecosystems, including forests and páramos (high-altitude wetlands and biodiversity hotspots), that provide indispensable benefits within and beyond Colombia's borders. The 2022 elections in Colombia will be critical for both people and ecosystems. Scientists must speak up to educate candidates and voters about the socio-environmental consequences of their actions. 1. [↵][13]1. A. Salazar et al ., Front. Ecol. Environ. 16, 525 (2018). [OpenUrl][14] 2. [↵][15]Colombian Ministry of Defense, “Logros de la política de defensa y seguridad” (2021); [www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/Mindefensa/Documentos/descargas/estudios\_sectoriales/info\_estadistica/Logros\_Sector\_Defensa.pdf][16] [in Spanish]. 3. [↵][17]National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), “Monetary poverty in Colombia” (Technical Bulletin, Bogotá, 2019); [www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones\_vida/pobreza/2019/Boletin-pobreza-monetaria\_2019.pdf][18] [in Spanish]. 4. [↵][19]World Bank, Colombia CO: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate 1992–2019 (2019); [www.ceicdata.com/en/colombia/poverty/co-gini-coefficient-gini-index-world-bank-estimate][20]. 5. 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领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
URL	查看原文
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/334327
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Alejandro Salazar,Juan F. Salazar,Santiago J. Sánchez-Pacheco,et al. Undermining Colombia's peace and environment[J]. Science,2021.
APA	Alejandro Salazar.,Juan F. Salazar.,Santiago J. Sánchez-Pacheco.,Adriana Sanchez.,Eloisa Lasso.,...&Jeffrey S. Dukes.(2021).Undermining Colombia's peace and environment.Science.
MLA	Alejandro Salazar,et al."Undermining Colombia's peace and environment".Science (2021).