资源环境科技发展态势分析平台

Due to a shorter effective integration time for each field of view of the Advanced Microwave Temperature Sounder (ATMS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) satellite than that for the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) onboard previous National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar-orbiting satellites NOAA-15 to NOAA-19, ATMS temperature-sounding channels have higher observational resolutions and larger noise equivalent differential temperatures than the corresponding AMSU-A channels. The high resolution of the ATMS allows hurricane rainband features that are not resolvable by AMSU-A to be captured. But the larger noise equivalent differential temperature of ATMS weakens this capability through the significant impact of observational noise on warm-core retrievals. In this study, a remapping algorithm is applied to obtain AMSU-A-like ATMS fields of view to suppress this noise. A modified warm-core retrieval algorithm, which consists of two sets of training coefficients for clear-sky and cloudy conditions, is applied to limb-corrected ATMS and AMSU-A measurements using collocated Global Positioning System radio occultation observations in the previous month of the targeted hurricanes as training data sets. ATMS channels 5, 6, and 7 (AMSU-A channels 4, 5, and 6) are excluded when training the coefficients for cloudy conditions to avoid cloud/rain contamination. As a result, the abnormal cold core in the low and middle troposphere and the banded warm structures in phase with rainbands are both successfully removed. The warm-core evolution of Hurricane Matthew (2016) during its entire life span is temporally consistent on intensity as obtained from NOAA-15, NOAA-18, and MetOp-B AMSU-A observations and S-NPP ATMS observations.