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DOI | 10.1088/1748-9326/aa893b |
Impact of biofuels on contrail warming | |
Caiazzo, Fabio; Agarwal, Akshat; Speth, Raymond L.; Barrett, Steven R. H. | |
2017-11-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS |
ISSN | 1748-9326 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 12期号:11 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Contrails and contrail-cirrus may be the largest source of radiative forcing (RF) attributable to aviation. Biomass-derived alternative jet fuels are a potentially major way to mitigate the climate impacts of aviation by reducing lifecycle CO2 emissions. Given the up to 90% reduction in soot emissions from paraffinic biofuels, the potential for a significant impact on contrail RF due to the reduction in contrail-forming ice nuclei (IN) remains an open question. We simulate contrail formation and evolution to quantify RF over the United States under different emissions scenarios. Replacing conventional jet fuels with paraffinic biofuels generates two competing effects. First, the higher water emissions index results in an increase in contrail occurrence (similar to +8%). On the other hand, these contrails are composed of larger diameter crystals (similar to +58%) at lower number concentrations (similar to -75%), reducing both contrail optical depth (similar to -29%) and albedo (similar to -32%). The net changes in contrail RF induced by switching to biofuels range from -4% to +18% among a range of assumed ice crystal habits (shapes). In comparison, cleaner burning engines (with no increase in water emissions index) result in changes to net contrail RF ranging between -13% and +5% depending on habit. Thus, we find that even 67% to 75% reductions in aircraft soot emissions are insufficient to substantially reduce warming from contrails, and that the use of biofuels may either increase or decrease contrail warming-contrary to previous expectations of a significant decrease in warming. |
英文关键词 | contrails aviation climate alternative fuels contrail cirrus biofuels |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000424392900004 |
WOS关键词 | BLACK CARBON EMISSIONS ; ICE ; CIRRUS ; AVIATION ; CLIMATE ; WAKE ; PARTICLES ; MODEL |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/35357 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Lab Aviat & Environm, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Caiazzo, Fabio,Agarwal, Akshat,Speth, Raymond L.,et al. Impact of biofuels on contrail warming[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2017,12(11). |
APA | Caiazzo, Fabio,Agarwal, Akshat,Speth, Raymond L.,&Barrett, Steven R. H..(2017).Impact of biofuels on contrail warming.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,12(11). |
MLA | Caiazzo, Fabio,et al."Impact of biofuels on contrail warming".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 12.11(2017). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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