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新研究称地球生命的发展影响了地球下地幔 快报文章
地球科学快报，2022年第07期
作者:  刘文浩
Microsoft Word(16Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载：742/0  |  提交时间：2022/04/08
Cambrian Explosion  deep-Earth carbon cycle  mantle  
地球内部吸收的碳比早先理论认为的更多 快报文章
地球科学快报，2021年第15期
作者:  刘文浩
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Deep earth  carbon sequestration  Deep carbon cycle  
科学家发现地球深部水循环引发火山和地震的确凿证据 快报文章
地球科学快报，2020年第13期
作者:  赵纪东
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deep Earth’s water cycle  volcanoe  earthquake  
Improving AI System Awareness of Geoscience Knowledge: Symbiotic Integration of Physical Approaches and Deep Learning 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (13)
作者:  Jiang, Shijie;  Zheng, Yi;  Solomatine, Dimitri
收藏  |  浏览/下载：23/0  |  提交时间：2020/06/16
artificial intelligence  deep learning  Earth science  geosystem dynamics  hydrology  predictions in ungauged basins  
Hydrothermal (NN)-N-15-N-15 abundances constrain the origins of mantle nitrogen 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7803) : 367-+
作者:  Zhao, Steven;  Jang, Cholsoon;  Liu, Joyce;  Uehara, Kahealani;  Gilbert, Michael;  Izzo, Luke;  Zeng, Xianfeng;  Trefely, Sophie;  Fernandez, Sully;  Carrer, Alessandro;  Miller, Katelyn D.;  Schug, Zachary T.;  Snyder, Nathaniel W.;  Gade, Terence P.;  Titchenell, Paul M.;  Rabinowitz, Joshua D.;  Wellen, Kathryn E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：34/0  |  提交时间：2020/05/13

Nitrogen is the main constituent of the Earth'  s atmosphere, but its provenance in the Earth'  s mantle remains uncertain. The relative contribution of primordial nitrogen inherited during the Earth'  s accretion versus that subducted from the Earth'  s surface is unclear(1-6). Here we show that the mantle may have retained remnants of such primordial nitrogen. We use the rare (NN)-N-15-N-15 isotopologue of N-2 as a new tracer of air contamination in volcanic gas effusions. By constraining air contamination in gases from Iceland, Eifel (Germany) and Yellowstone (USA), we derive estimates of mantle delta N-15 (the fractional difference in N-15/N-14 from air), N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3. Our results show that negative delta N-15 values observed in gases, previously regarded as indicating a mantle origin for nitrogen(7-10), in fact represent dominantly air-derived N-2 that experienced N-15/N-14 fractionation in hydrothermal systems. Using two-component mixing models to correct for this effect, the (NN)-N-15-N-15 data allow extrapolations that characterize mantle endmember delta N-15, N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3 values. We show that the Eifel region has slightly increased delta N-15 and N-2/Ar-36 values relative to estimates for the convective mantle provided by mid-ocean-ridge basalts(11), consistent with subducted nitrogen being added to the mantle source. In contrast, we find that whereas the Yellowstone plume has delta N-15 values substantially greater than that of the convective mantle, resembling surface components(12-15), its N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3 ratios are indistinguishable from those of the convective mantle. This observation raises the possibility that the plume hosts a primordial component. We provide a test of the subduction hypothesis with a two-box model, describing the evolution of mantle and surface nitrogen through geological time. We show that the effect of subduction on the deep nitrogen cycle may be less important than has been suggested by previous investigations. We propose instead that high mid-ocean-ridge basalt and plume delta N-15 values may both be dominantly primordial features.