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大尺度森林减少导致种群和生物多样性变化幅度激增48% 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第13期
作者:  董利苹
Microsoft Word(13Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:558/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/15
Landscape-scale Forest Loss  Population  Biodiversity  
Abrupt increase in harvested forest area over Europe after 2015 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 583 (7814) : 72-+
作者:  Guido Ceccherini;  Gregory Duveiller;  Giacomo Grassi;  Guido Lemoine;  Valerio Avitabile;  Roberto Pilli;  Alessandro Cescatti
收藏  |  浏览/下载:51/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/06

Fine-scale satellite data are used to quantify forest harvest rates in 26 European countries, finding an increase in harvested forest area of 49% and an increase in biomass loss of 69% between 2011-2015 and 2016-2018.


Forests provide a series of ecosystem services that are crucial to our society. In the European Union (EU), forests account for approximately 38% of the total land surface(1). These forests are important carbon sinks, and their conservation efforts are vital for the EU'  s vision of achieving climate neutrality by 2050(2). However, the increasing demand for forest services and products, driven by the bioeconomy, poses challenges for sustainable forest management. Here we use fine-scale satellite data to observe an increase in the harvested forest area (49 per cent) and an increase in biomass loss (69 per cent) over Europe for the period of 2016-2018 relative to 2011-2015, with large losses occurring on the Iberian Peninsula and in the Nordic and Baltic countries. Satellite imagery further reveals that the average patch size of harvested area increased by 34 per cent across Europe, with potential effects on biodiversity, soil erosion and water regulation. The increase in the rate of forest harvest is the result of the recent expansion of wood markets, as suggested by econometric indicators on forestry, wood-based bioenergy and international trade. If such a high rate of forest harvest continues, the post-2020 EU vision of forest-based climate mitigation may be hampered, and the additional carbon losses from forests would require extra emission reductions in other sectors in order to reach climate neutrality by 2050(3).


  
农业水管理与医疗健康系统管理的重要性 快报文章
资源环境快报,2020年第11期
作者:  李恒吉
Microsoft Word(14Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:389/0  |  提交时间:2020/06/16
UN  Forest  Biodiversity  Sustainable Development  
Intensive farming drives long-term shifts in avian community composition 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7799) : 393-+
作者:  Oh, Eugene;  Mark, Kevin G.;  Mocciaro, Annamaria;  Watson, Edmond R.;  Prabu, J. Rajan;  Cha, Denny D.;  Kampmann, Martin;  Gamarra, Nathan;  Zhou, Coral Y.;  Rape, Michael
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

Variation in vegetation and climate affects the long-term changes in bird communities in intensive-agriculture habitats, but not in diversified-agriculture or natural-forest habitats, by changing the local colonization and extinction rates.


Agricultural practices constitute both the greatest cause of biodiversity loss and the greatest opportunity for conservation(1,2), given the shrinking scope of protected areas in many regions. Recent studies have documented the high levels of biodiversity-across many taxa and biomes-that agricultural landscapes can support over the short term(1,3,4). However, little is known about the long-term effects of alternative agricultural practices on ecological communities(4,5) Here we document changes in bird communities in intensive-agriculture, diversified-agriculture and natural-forest habitats in 4 regions of Costa Rica over a period of 18 years. Long-term directional shifts in bird communities were evident in intensive- and diversified-agricultural habitats, but were strongest in intensive-agricultural habitats, where the number of endemic and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List species fell over time. All major guilds, including those involved in pest control, pollination and seed dispersal, were affected. Bird communities in intensive-agricultural habitats proved more susceptible to changes in climate, with hotter and drier periods associated with greater changes in community composition in these settings. These findings demonstrate that diversified agriculture can help to alleviate the long-term loss of biodiversity outside natural protected areas(1).


  
Greater stability of carbon capture in species-rich natural forests compared to species-poor plantations 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (3)
作者:  Osuri, Anand M.;  Gopal, Abhishek;  Raman, T. R. Shankar;  DeFries, Ruth;  Cook-Patton, Susan C.;  Naeem, Shahid
收藏  |  浏览/下载:20/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship  carbon sequestration  drought  enhanced vegetation index  monoculture plantation  stability  tropical forest  
Socially optimal forest management and biodiversity conservation in temperate forests under climate change 期刊论文
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 2020, 169
作者:  Augustynczik, Andrey Lessa Derci;  Gutsch, Martin;  Basile, Marco;  Suckow, Felicitas;  Lasch, Petra;  Yousefpour, Rasoul;  Hanewinkel, Marc
收藏  |  浏览/下载:28/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
Forest biodiversity  Ecosystem services  Forest planning  Climate change  Optimal taxation  
Key perspectives on early successional forests subject to stand-replacing disturbances 期刊论文
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, 2019, 454
作者:  Lindenmayer, David B.;  Westgate, Martin J.;  Scheele, Ben C.;  Foster, Claire N.;  Blair, David P.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:20/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
Late successional forest  Biological legacies  Biodiversity  Natural disturbance  Wildfire  Clearcutting  Salvage logging  Mountain Ash forests  Alpine Ash forests  Landscape traps  
Drivers of productivity and its temporal stability in a tropical tree diversity experiment 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2019, 25 (12) : 4257-4272
作者:  Schnabel, Florian;  Schwarz, Julia A.;  Danescu, Adrian;  Fichtner, Andreas;  Nock, Charles A.;  Bauhus, Juergen;  Potvin, Catherine
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
biodiversity  drought  ecosystem functioning  neighbourhood  overyielding  Sardinilla experiment  structural diversity  tree species diversity  tropical plantation forest  
Effects of skid trails on understory vegetation in forests: A case study from Northern Bavaria (Germany) 期刊论文
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, 2019, 453
作者:  Mercier, Paula;  Aas, Gregor;  Dengler, Juergen
收藏  |  浏览/下载:16/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
Biodiversity  Bryophyte  Ecological indicator value  Forest management  Germany  Logging trail  Skid trail  Soil compaction  Temperate forest  Understory vegetation  Vascular plant  
Community forest management (CFM) in south-west Ethiopia: Maintaining forests, biodiversity and carbon stocks to support wild coffee conservation 期刊论文
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS, 2019, 59
作者:  Wood, Adrian;  39;Hara, Peter
收藏  |  浏览/下载:19/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
Community forest management  Forest cover  Biodiversity  Wild coffee  Carbon storage  Ethiopia