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Demonstration of cooling by the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 578 (7793) : 53-+
作者:  Zheng, Wen;  Zhao, Wenjing;  Wu, Meng;  Song, Xinyang;  Caro, Florence;  Sun, Ximei;  Gazzaniga, Francesca;  Stefanetti, Giuseppe;  Oh, Sungwhan;  Mekalanos, John J.;  Kasper, Dennis L.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:34/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

The use of accelerated beams of electrons, protons or ions has furthered the development of nearly every scientific discipline. However, high-energy muon beams of equivalent quality have not yet been delivered. Muon beams can be created through the decay of pions produced by the interaction of a proton beam with a target. Such '  tertiary'  beams have much lower brightness than those created by accelerating electrons, protons or ions. High-brightness muon beams comparable to those produced by state-of-the-art electron, proton and ion accelerators could facilitate the study of lepton-antilepton collisions at extremely high energies and provide well characterized neutrino beams(1-6). Such muon beams could be realized using ionization cooling, which has been proposed to increase muon-beam brightness(7,8). Here we report the realization of ionization cooling, which was confirmed by the observation of an increased number of low-amplitude muons after passage of the muon beam through an absorber, as well as an increase in the corresponding phase-space density. The simulated performance of the ionization cooling system is consistent with the measured data, validating designs of the ionization cooling channel in which the cooling process is repeated to produce a substantial cooling effect(9-11). The results presented here are an important step towards achieving the muon-beam quality required to search for phenomena at energy scales beyond the reach of the Large Hadron Collider at a facility of equivalent or reduced wfootprint(6).


  
Hemispherical Shifted Symmetry in Polar Cap Patch Occurrence: A Survey of GPS TEC Maps From 2015-2018 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019
作者:  David, M.;  Sojka, J. J.;  Schunk, R. W.;  Coster, A. J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:36/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
patches  tongue of ionization  Southern Hemisphere  GPS TEC maps  modeling  forecasting  Madrigal data server  
Spontaneous Emergence of Space Stems Ahead of Negative Leaders in Lightning and Long Sparks 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (7) : 4029-4038
作者:  Malagon-Romero, A.;  Luque, A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:30/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/26
space stem  streamer  streamer to leader  attachment instability  ionization wave  
Tropical Ionization Trough in the Ionosphere Seen by Swarm-A Satellite 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (22) : 12135-12141
作者:  Lee, Woo Kyoung;  Kil, Hyosub;  Paxton, Larry J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:24/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
tropical ionization trough  low-latitude ionosphere  midlatitude arcs  hemispheric asymmetry  neutral winds  magnetic declination  
An Updated Model Providing Long-Term Data Sets of Energetic Electron Precipitation, Including Zonal Dependence 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2018, 123 (17) : 9891-9915
作者:  van de Kamp, M.;  Rodger, C. J.;  Seppala, A.;  Clilverd, M. A.;  Verronen, P. T.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:34/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
energetic electron precipitation  energetic particle precipitation  magnetic local time  ionization  solar particle forcing  synthesized data set  
Self-Consistent Modeling of Electron Precipitation and Responses in the Ionosphere: Application to Low-Altitude Energization During Substorms 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (13) : 6371-6381
作者:  Yu, Yiqun;  Jordanova, Vania K.;  McGranaghan, Ryan M.;  Solomon, Stanley C.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:34/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
self-consistent MI coupling  electron precipitation  conductivity sublayer  high-energy tail precipitation  low-altitude ionization  
High-Energy Emissions Induced by Air Density Fluctuations of Discharges 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (10) : 5194-5203
作者:  Kohn, C.;  Chanrion, O.;  Neubert, T.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:29/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
air perturbations  streamer modeling  X-ray emission  pre-ionization  
Evidence for Neutrals-Foreshock Electrons Impact at Mars 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (9) : 3768-3774
作者:  Mazelle, C. X.;  Meziane, K.;  Mitchell, D. L.;  Garnier, P.;  Espley, J. R.;  Hamza, A. M.;  Halekas, J.;  Jakosky, B. M.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:41/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
Martian foreshock  hydrogen exosphere  electron impact ionization  foreshock electrons flux decline with the distance from the shock of Mars  electron flux ratios are consistent with the electron-neutral hydrogen impact cross sections  Important role in the production of pickup ions in Mars distant exosphere  
Solar-Driven Variation in the Atmosphere of Uranus 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2017, 44 (24)
作者:  Aplin, K. L.;  Harrison, R. G.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:25/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
ionization  cosmic rays  aerosol  nucleation  
Seasonality of Formic Acid (HCOOH) in London during the ClearfLo Campaign 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2017, 122 (22)
作者:  Bannan, Thomas J.;  Booth, A. Murray;  Le Breton, Michael;  Bacak, Asan;  Muller, Jennifer B. A.;  Leather, Kimberley E.;  Khan, M. Anwar H.;  Lee, James D.;  Dunmore, Rachel E.;  Hopkins, James R.;  Fleming, Zoe L.;  Sheps, Leonid;  Taatjes, Craig A.;  Shallcross, Dudley E.;  Percival, Carl J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:47/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
Clean Air for London  formic acid  ozonolysis  Criegee intermediate  chemical ionization mass spectrometry  air quality