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Quantum entanglement between an atom and a molecule 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 581 (7808) : 273-+
作者:  Trisos, Christopher H.;  Merow, Cory;  Pigot, Alex L.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:44/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Conventional information processors convert information between different physical carriers for processing, storage and transmission. It seems plausible that quantum information will also be held by different physical carriers in applications such as tests of fundamental physics, quantum enhanced sensors and quantum information processing. Quantum controlled molecules, in particular, could transduce quantum information across a wide range of quantum bit (qubit) frequencies-from a few kilohertz for transitions within the same rotational manifold(1), a few gigahertz for hyperfine transitions, a few terahertz for rotational transitions, to hundreds of terahertz for fundamental and overtone vibrational and electronic transitions-possibly all within the same molecule. Here we demonstrate entanglement between the rotational states of a (CaH+)-Ca-40 molecular ion and the internal states of a Ca-40(+) atomic ion(2). We extend methods used in quantum logic spectroscopy(1,3) for pure-state initialization, laser manipulation and state readout of the molecular ion. The quantum coherence of the Coulomb coupled motion between the atomic and molecular ions enables subsequent entangling manipulations. The qubit addressed in the molecule has a frequency of either 13.4 kilohertz(1) or 855 gigahertz(3), highlighting the versatility of molecular qubits. Our work demonstrates how molecules can transduce quantum information between qubits with different frequencies to enable hybrid quantum systems. We anticipate that our method of quantum control and measurement of molecules will find applications in quantum information science, quantum sensors, fundamental and applied physics, and controlled quantum chemistry.


Quantum entanglement is realized between rotational levels of a molecular ion with energy differences spanning several orders of magnitude and long-lived internal states of a single atomic ion.


  
Collisional cooling of ultracold molecules 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7802) : 197-+
作者:  Wang, Qinyang;  Wang, Yupeng;  Ding, Jingjin;  Wang, Chunhong;  Zhou, Xuehan;  Gao, Wenqing;  Huang, Huanwei;  Shao, Feng;  Liu, Zhibo
收藏  |  浏览/下载:29/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Since the original work on Bose-Einstein condensation(1,2), the use of quantum degenerate gases of atoms has enabled the quantum emulation of important systems in condensed matter and nuclear physics, as well as the study of many-body states that have no analogue in other fields of physics(3). Ultracold molecules in the micro- and nanokelvin regimes are expected to bring powerful capabilities to quantum emulation(4) and quantum computing(5), owing to their rich internal degrees of freedom compared to atoms, and to facilitate precision measurement and the study of quantum chemistry(6). Quantum gases of ultracold atoms can be created using collision-based cooling schemes such as evaporative cooling, but thermalization and collisional cooling have not yet been realized for ultracold molecules. Other techniques, such as the use of supersonic jets and cryogenic buffer gases, have reached temperatures limited to above 10 millikelvin(7,8). Here we show cooling of NaLi molecules to micro- and nanokelvin temperatures through collisions with ultracold Na atoms, with both molecules and atoms prepared in their stretched hyperfine spin states. We find a lower bound on the ratio of elastic to inelastic molecule-atom collisions that is greater than 50-large enough to support sustained collisional cooling. By employing two stages of evaporation, we increase the phase-space density of the molecules by a factor of 20, achieving temperatures as low as 220 nanokelvin. The favourable collisional properties of the Na-NaLi system could enable the creation of deeply quantum degenerate dipolar molecules and raises the possibility of using stretched spin states in the cooling of other molecules.


NaLi molecules are cooled to micro- and nanokelvin temperatures through collisions with ultracold Na atoms by using molecules and atoms in stretched hyperfine spin states and applying two evaporation stages.


  
Coherent electrical control of a single high-spin nucleus in silicon 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 579 (7798) : 205-+
作者:  Dedoussi, Irene C.;  Eastham, Sebastian D.;  Monier, Erwan;  Barrett, Steven R. H.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:25/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Nuclear spins are highly coherent quantum objects. In large ensembles, their control and detection via magnetic resonance is widely exploited, for example, in chemistry, medicine, materials science and mining. Nuclear spins also featured in early proposals for solid-state quantum computers(1) and demonstrations of quantum search(2) and factoring(3) algorithms. Scaling up such concepts requires controlling individual nuclei, which can be detected when coupled to an electron(4-6). However, the need to address the nuclei via oscillating magnetic fields complicates their integration in multi-spin nanoscale devices, because the field cannot be localized or screened. Control via electric fields would resolve this problem, but previous methods(7-9) relied on transducing electric signals into magnetic fields via the electron-nuclear hyperfine interaction, which severely affects nuclear coherence. Here we demonstrate the coherent quantum control of a single Sb-123 (spin-7/2) nucleus using localized electric fields produced within a silicon nanoelectronic device. The method exploits an idea proposed in 1961(10) but not previously realized experimentally with a single nucleus. Our results are quantitatively supported by a microscopic theoretical model that reveals how the purely electrical modulation of the nuclear electric quadrupole interaction results in coherent nuclear spin transitions that are uniquely addressable owing to lattice strain. The spin dephasing time, 0.1 seconds, is orders of magnitude longer than those obtained by methods that require a coupled electron spin to achieve electrical driving. These results show that high-spin quadrupolar nuclei could be deployed as chaotic models, strain sensors and hybrid spin-mechanical quantum systems using all-electrical controls. Integrating electrically controllable nuclei with quantum dots(11,12) could pave the way to scalable, nuclear- and electron-spin-based quantum computers in silicon that operate without the need for oscillating magnetic fields.


  
Temperature dependence of stable carbon kinetic isotope effect for the oxidation reaction of ethane by OH radicals: Experimental and theoretical studies 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2017, 122 (15)
作者:  Piansawan, T.;  Saccon, M.;  Vereecken, L.;  Gensch, I.;  Kiendler-Scharr, A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
kinetic isotope effects  isotope fractionation  stable carbon isotope ratio  ethane oxidation  quantum chemistry  transition state theory