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Darwin's naturalization conundrum can be explained by spatial scale 期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (20) : 10904-10910
作者:  Park, Daniel S.;  Feng, Xiao;  Maitner, Brian S.;  Ernst, Kacey C.;  Enquist, Brian J.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：16/0  |  提交时间：2020/05/13
biological invasions  competition  Darwin'  s naturalization hypothesis  environmental filtering  spatial resolution  
Hydrothermal (NN)-N-15-N-15 abundances constrain the origins of mantle nitrogen 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7803) : 367-+
作者:  Zhao, Steven;  Jang, Cholsoon;  Liu, Joyce;  Uehara, Kahealani;  Gilbert, Michael;  Izzo, Luke;  Zeng, Xianfeng;  Trefely, Sophie;  Fernandez, Sully;  Carrer, Alessandro;  Miller, Katelyn D.;  Schug, Zachary T.;  Snyder, Nathaniel W.;  Gade, Terence P.;  Titchenell, Paul M.;  Rabinowitz, Joshua D.;  Wellen, Kathryn E.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：14/0  |  提交时间：2020/05/13

Nitrogen is the main constituent of the Earth'  s atmosphere, but its provenance in the Earth'  s mantle remains uncertain. The relative contribution of primordial nitrogen inherited during the Earth'  s accretion versus that subducted from the Earth'  s surface is unclear(1-6). Here we show that the mantle may have retained remnants of such primordial nitrogen. We use the rare (NN)-N-15-N-15 isotopologue of N-2 as a new tracer of air contamination in volcanic gas effusions. By constraining air contamination in gases from Iceland, Eifel (Germany) and Yellowstone (USA), we derive estimates of mantle delta N-15 (the fractional difference in N-15/N-14 from air), N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3. Our results show that negative delta N-15 values observed in gases, previously regarded as indicating a mantle origin for nitrogen(7-10), in fact represent dominantly air-derived N-2 that experienced N-15/N-14 fractionation in hydrothermal systems. Using two-component mixing models to correct for this effect, the (NN)-N-15-N-15 data allow extrapolations that characterize mantle endmember delta N-15, N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3 values. We show that the Eifel region has slightly increased delta N-15 and N-2/Ar-36 values relative to estimates for the convective mantle provided by mid-ocean-ridge basalts(11), consistent with subducted nitrogen being added to the mantle source. In contrast, we find that whereas the Yellowstone plume has delta N-15 values substantially greater than that of the convective mantle, resembling surface components(12-15), its N-2/Ar-36 and N-2/He-3 ratios are indistinguishable from those of the convective mantle. This observation raises the possibility that the plume hosts a primordial component. We provide a test of the subduction hypothesis with a two-box model, describing the evolution of mantle and surface nitrogen through geological time. We show that the effect of subduction on the deep nitrogen cycle may be less important than has been suggested by previous investigations. We propose instead that high mid-ocean-ridge basalt and plume delta N-15 values may both be dominantly primordial features.


  
Attitudes towards climate policies in a macrodynamic model of the economy 期刊论文
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 2020, 169
作者:  Davila-Fernandez, Marwil J.;  Sordi, Serena
收藏  |  浏览/下载：8/0  |  提交时间：2020/07/02
Sustainability  Open economy  Environmental innovation  Porter'  s hypothesis  Thirwall'  s Law  
Counterintuitive effects of global warming-induced wind patterns on primary production in the Northern Humboldt Current System 期刊论文
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2018, 24 (7) : 3187-3198
作者:  Mogollon, Rodrigo;  Calil, Paulo H. R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：2/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
Bakun'  s hypothesis  build up of atmospheric CO2  eddy-driven effects  global warming-induced wind intensification  latitudinal variability of primary production  Northern Humboldt Current System  response of biological production  
Large-Scale Controls of the Surface Water Balance Over Land: Insights From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2017, 53 (11)
作者:  Padron, Ryan S.;  Gudmundsson, Lukas;  Greve, Peter;  Seneviratne, Sonia I.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：5/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
Budyko framework  Fu'  s equation  literature review  evapotranspiration  hypothesis testing  global scale  
Failure of Taylor's hypothesis in the atmospheric surface layer and its correction for eddy-covariance measurements 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2017, 44 (9)
作者:  Cheng, Yu;  Sayde, Chadi;  Li, Qi;  Basara, Jeffrey;  Selker, John;  Tanner, Evan;  Gentine, Pierre
收藏  |  浏览/下载：7/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
Taylor'  s hypothesis  surface energy balance  turbulent spectrum  eddy covariance measurement  
An alternative explanation for global trends in thermal tolerance 期刊论文
ECOLOGY LETTERS, 2017, 20 (1)
作者:  Payne, Nicholas L.;  Smith, James A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载：4/0  |  提交时间：2019/04/09
Activation energy  Arrhenius-Boltzmann  climate change  Janzen'  s hypothesis  macroecology  mountain passes  MTE  polar  Rapoport'  s rule  thermal specialist