Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1002/2017GL075976 |
Mapping Inherited Fractures in the Critical Zone Using Seismic Anisotropy From Circular Surveys | |
Novitsky, Christopher G.1,2; Holbrook, W. Steven1,2,3; Carr, Bradley J.1,2; Pasquet, Sylvain1,2,3; Okaya, David4; Flinchum, Brady A.1,2,5 | |
2018-04-16 | |
发表期刊 | GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
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ISSN | 0094-8276 |
EISSN | 1944-8007 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 45期号:7页码:3126-3135 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Australia |
英文摘要 | Weathering and hydrological processes in Earth's shallow subsurface are influenced by inherited bedrock structures, such as bedding planes, faults, joints, and fractures. However, these structures are difficult to observe in soil-mantled landscapes. Steeply dipping structures with a dominant orientation are detectable by seismic anisotropy, with fast wave speeds along the strike of structures. We measured shallow (similar to 2-4 m) seismic anisotropy using "circle shots," geophones deployed in a circle around a central shot point, in a weathered granite terrain in the Laramie Range of Wyoming. The inferred remnant fracture orientations agree with brittle fracture orientations measured at tens of meters depth in boreholes, demonstrating that bedrock fractures persist through the weathering process into the shallow critical zone. Seismic anisotropy positively correlates with saprolite thickness, suggesting that inherited bedrock fractures may control saprolite thickness by providing preferential pathways for corrosive meteoric waters to access the deep critical zone. Plain Language Summary Bedrock undergoes physical and chemical changes near the Earth's surface that turns hard rock, such as granite, into softer, "weathered" rock. This soft rock acts as an important "sponge" that stores water used by vegetation and that feeds runoff in streams. Scientists are currently unable to predict how thick this sponge of soft rock will be at various locations. In this paper we test the idea that inherited cracks in the original bedrock provide pathways for water to percolate deeply into the subsurface, driving the weathering that turns hard rock into soft rock. We use a creative new design of circular seismometer arrays to detect these cracks, by measuring sound waves that travel more quickly along the cracks than across the cracks. Our results show that inherited cracks in the bedrock play an important role in the development of the soft-rock sponge that mantles Earth's surface. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000435743400029 |
WOS关键词 | HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ; WAVE-PROPAGATION ; FIELD-SCALE ; ROCKS ; WATER ; EROSION ; TRANSPORT ; VELOCITY ; DEEP ; ARCHITECTURE |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/25949 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA; 2.Univ Wyoming, Wyoming Ctr Environm Hydrol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA; 3.Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA; 4.Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA; 5.CSIRO, Adelaide, SA, Australia |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Novitsky, Christopher G.,Holbrook, W. Steven,Carr, Bradley J.,et al. Mapping Inherited Fractures in the Critical Zone Using Seismic Anisotropy From Circular Surveys[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2018,45(7):3126-3135. |
APA | Novitsky, Christopher G.,Holbrook, W. Steven,Carr, Bradley J.,Pasquet, Sylvain,Okaya, David,&Flinchum, Brady A..(2018).Mapping Inherited Fractures in the Critical Zone Using Seismic Anisotropy From Circular Surveys.GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,45(7),3126-3135. |
MLA | Novitsky, Christopher G.,et al."Mapping Inherited Fractures in the Critical Zone Using Seismic Anisotropy From Circular Surveys".GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45.7(2018):3126-3135. |
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