China's wild turtles at risk of extinction

doi:10.1126/science.abc0997

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.abc0997
	China's wild turtles at risk of extinction
	Jun Wu; Yanqing Wu; Dingqi Rao; Ting Zhou; Shiping Gong
	2020-05-22
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2020
英文摘要	China's turtle species diversity ranks third in the world, with 34 species including 3 tortoises, 5 sea turtles, and 26 freshwater turtles ([ 1 ][1]). However, with the exception of three species that lack sufficient data, all of China's turtle species have been listed as Endangered or Critically Endangered on the Red List of China's Vertebrates, making them the most endangered group of vertebrates in the country ([ 1 ][1]). Evidence suggests that most wild populations of turtles in China declined by more than 90% between 1980 and 2012 ([ 2 ][2]). If China does not take steps to mitigate the risks to wild turtles, they could face imminent extinction. The catastrophic decrease of the wild turtle population is primarily the result of overexploitation ([ 2 ][2], [ 3 ][3]). Because turtles symbolize luck and longevity in Chinese culture, they are widely kept as pets and used for food and traditional medicine ([ 3 ][3], [ 4 ][4]). To meet the huge consumption demand, the turtle farming industry has developed rapidly in China since the 1990s ([ 5 ][5]). Farmers purchase wild-caught turtles to improve the reproductive capability of farmed stocks ([ 6 ][6]). Some rare species, such as box turtles (genus Cuora ), are very expensive in the black market ([ 7 ][7]), and high profits have stimulated poaching of wild turtles ([ 2 ][2]). Wild turtles in China face other threats as well. With the rapid economic development in recent decades, construction of hydropower plants, coastal development, water pollution, and other human activities have destroyed the turtles' habitat ([ 8 ][8], [ 9 ][9]). Meanwhile, the invasion of alien turtles threatens the survival of native turtles ([ 10 ][10]). For example, the red-eared slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans ), one of the world's 100 most invasive species, is farmed in China and has been widely found in the wild, causing serious ecological risks ([ 10 ][10]). The Chinese government must urgently implement measures to protect wild turtles. Ecological education efforts should work to shift the expression of cultural love for turtles from consumption to conservation. The government should also strengthen the enforcement of the Wildlife Protection Law of China ([ 11 ][11]) to crack down on poaching and illegal trade of wild turtles and to prevent and control the invasion risk of alien turtles. Finally, despite their endangered status on the Red List ([ 1 ][1]), only one-third of China's wild turtles are currently included on the National Key-Protected Species List ([ 12 ][12]), an appendix of the Wildlife Protection Law of China that lists species in need of protection. To ensure legal and enforceable protection, China should update the Protected Species List to include all endangered turtle species. 1. [↵][13]1. Z. G. Jiang et al ., Biodivers. Sci. 24, 500 (2016) [in Chinese]. [OpenUrl][14] 2. [↵][15]1. S. P. Gong et al ., Curr. 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[↵][32]The National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, “The Wildlife Protection Law of China” (2018); [www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c12435/201811/f4d2b7a3024b41ee8ea0ce54ac117daa.shtml][33] [in Chinese]. 12. [↵][34]The Department of Forestry and Grassland,“The National Key-protected Species List” (2018); [www.forestry.gov.cn/main/3954/content-1063883.html][35] [in Chinese]. 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领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
URL	查看原文
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/270474
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jun Wu,Yanqing Wu,Dingqi Rao,et al. China's wild turtles at risk of extinction[J]. Science,2020.
APA	Jun Wu,Yanqing Wu,Dingqi Rao,Ting Zhou,&Shiping Gong.(2020).China's wild turtles at risk of extinction.Science.
MLA	Jun Wu,et al."China's wild turtles at risk of extinction".Science (2020).