Childhood vaccines and antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2238-4

GSTDTAP > 地球科学

DOI	10.1038/s41586-020-2238-4
	Childhood vaccines and antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries
	Louca, Stilianos 1,2; Pennell, Matthew W.3,4
	2020-04-16
发表期刊	NATURE
ISSN	0028-0836
EISSN	1476-4687
出版年	2020
卷号	581 期号:7806 页码:94-+
文章类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	USA; England; India
英文关键词	Vaccines may reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance, in part by preventing infections for which treatment often includes the use of antibiotics(1-4). However, the effects of vaccination on antibiotic consumption remain poorly understood-especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the burden of antimicrobial resistance is greatest(5). Here we show that vaccines that have recently been implemented in the World Health Organization' s Expanded Programme on Immunization reduce antibiotic consumption substantially among children under five years of age in LMICs. By analysing data from large-scale studies of households, we estimate that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and live attenuated rotavirus vaccines confer 19.7% (95% confidence interval, 3.4-43.4%) and 11.4% (4.0-18.6%) protection against antibiotic-treated episodes of acute respiratory infection and diarrhoea, respectively, in age groups that experience the greatest disease burden attributable to the vaccine-targeted pathogens(6,7). Under current coverage levels, pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines prevent 23.8 million and 13.6 million episodes of antibiotic-treated illness, respectively, among children under five years of age in LMICs each year. Direct protection resulting from the achievement of universal coverage targets for these vaccines could prevent an additional 40.0 million episodes of antibiotic-treated illness. This evidence supports the prioritization of vaccines within the global strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance(8). Pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines have reduced antibiotic consumption substantially among children under five years old in low- and middle-income countries however, this effect could be doubled if all countries were to implement vaccination programmes and meet universal vaccine coverage targets.
领域	地球科学 ; 气候变化 ; 资源环境
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000530868200015
WOS关键词	PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE ; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS ; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE ; CHILDREN YOUNGER ; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE ; OTITIS-MEDIA ; DISEASE ; DIARRHEA ; BURDEN ; COVERAGE
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/281175
专题	地球科学资源环境科学气候变化
作者单位	1.Univ Oregon, Dept Biol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA; 2.Univ Oregon, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Eugene, OR 97403 USA; 3.Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada; 4.Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Louca, Stilianos,Pennell, Matthew W.. Childhood vaccines and antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries[J]. NATURE,2020,581(7806):94-+.
APA	Louca, Stilianos,&Pennell, Matthew W..(2020).Childhood vaccines and antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries.NATURE,581(7806),94-+.
MLA	Louca, Stilianos,et al."Childhood vaccines and antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries".NATURE 581.7806(2020):94-+.