资源环境科技发展态势分析平台

Rapid increases in upper 700m Indian Ocean heat content (IOHC) since the 2000s have focused attention on its role during the recent global surface warming hiatus. Here, we use ocean model simulations to assess distinct multidecadal IOHC variations since the 1960s and explore the relative contributions from wind stress and buoyancy forcing regionally and with depth. Multidecadal wind‐forcing counteracted IOHC increases due to buoyancy forcing from the 1960s to 1990s. Wind and buoyancy forcing contribute positively since the mid‐2000s, accounting for the drastic IOHC change. Distinct timing and structure of upper‐ocean temperature changes in the eastern and western Indian Ocean are linked to the pathway how multidecadal wind‐forcing associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation is transmitted and affects IOHC through local and remote winds. Progressive shoaling of the equatorial thermocline – of importance for low‐frequency variations in Indian Ocean Dipole occurrence – appear to be dominated by multidecadal variations in wind forcing.