Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-17-9717-2017 |
Chemistry of riming: the retention of organic and inorganic atmospheric trace constituents | |
Jost, Alexander1,2; Szakall, Miklos1; Diehl, Karoline1; Mitra, Subir K.2; Borrmann, Stephan1,2 | |
2017-08-16 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 17期号:16 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Germany |
英文摘要 | During free fall in clouds, ice hydrometeors such as snowflakes and ice particles grow effectively by riming, i.e., the accretion of supercooled droplets. Volatile atmospheric trace constituents dissolved in the supercooled droplets may remain in ice during freezing or may be released back to the gas phase. This process is quantified by retention coefficients. Once in the ice phase the trace constituents may be vertically redistributed by scavenging and subsequent precipitation or by evaporation of these ice hydrometeors at high altitudes. Retention coefficients of the most dominant carboxylic acids and aldehydes found in cloud water were investigated in the Mainz vertical wind tunnel under dry-growth (surface temperature less than 0 degrees C) riming conditions which are typically prevailing in the mixed-phase zone of convective clouds (i.e., temperatures from -16 to -7 degrees C and a liquid water content (LWC) of 0.9 +/- 0.2 gm(-3)). The mean retention coefficients of formic and acetic acids are found to be 0.68 +/- 0.09 and 0.63 +/- 0.19. Oxalic and malonic acids as well as formaldehyde show mean retention coefficients of 0.97 +/- 0.06, 0.98 +/- 0.08, and 0.97 +/- 0.11, respectively. Application of a semi-empirical model on the present and earlier wind tunnel measurements reveals that retention coefficients can be well interpreted by the effective Henry's law constant accounting for solubility and dissociation. A parameterization for the retention coefficients has been derived for substances whose aqueous-phase kinetics are fast compared to mass transport timescales. For other cases, the semi-empirical model in combination with a kinetic approach is suited to determine the retention coefficients. These may be implemented in high-resolution cloud models. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000407685300001 |
WOS关键词 | DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS ; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS ; ICE CRYSTALS ; CHEMICAL RETENTION ; CLOUD ; PRECIPITATION ; GASES ; MODEL ; DISSOCIATION ; FORMALDEHYDE |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/30712 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; 2.Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, D-55218 Mainz, Germany |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Jost, Alexander,Szakall, Miklos,Diehl, Karoline,et al. Chemistry of riming: the retention of organic and inorganic atmospheric trace constituents[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2017,17(16). |
APA | Jost, Alexander,Szakall, Miklos,Diehl, Karoline,Mitra, Subir K.,&Borrmann, Stephan.(2017).Chemistry of riming: the retention of organic and inorganic atmospheric trace constituents.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,17(16). |
MLA | Jost, Alexander,et al."Chemistry of riming: the retention of organic and inorganic atmospheric trace constituents".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 17.16(2017). |
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