Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.2012493118 |
Behavioral responses across a mosaic of ecosystem states restructure a sea otter–urchin trophic cascade | |
Joshua G. Smith; Joseph Tomoleoni; Michelle Staedler; Sophia Lyon; Jessica Fujii; M. Tim Tinker | |
2021-03-16 | |
发表期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
出版年 | 2021 |
英文摘要 | Consumer and predator foraging behavior can impart profound trait-mediated constraints on community regulation that scale up to influence the structure and stability of ecosystems. Here, we demonstrate how the behavioral response of an apex predator to changes in prey behavior and condition can dramatically alter the role and relative contribution of top-down forcing, depending on the spatial organization of ecosystem states. In 2014, a rapid and dramatic decline in the abundance of a mesopredator (Pycnopodia helianthoides) and primary producer (Macrocystis pyrifera) coincided with a fundamental change in purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) foraging behavior and condition, resulting in a spatial mosaic of kelp forests interspersed with patches of sea urchin barrens. We show that this mosaic of adjacent alternative ecosystem states led to an increase in the number of sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) specializing on urchin prey, a population-level increase in urchin consumption, and an increase in sea otter survivorship. We further show that the spatial distribution of sea otter foraging efforts for urchin prey was not directly linked to high prey density but rather was predicted by the distribution of energetically profitable prey. Therefore, we infer that spatially explicit sea otter foraging enhances the resistance of remnant forests to overgrazing but does not directly contribute to the resilience (recovery) of forests. These results highlight the role of consumer and predator trait-mediated responses to resource mosaics that are common throughout natural ecosystems and enhance understanding of reciprocal feedbacks between top-down and bottom-up forcing on the regional stability of ecosystems. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/318652 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Joshua G. Smith,Joseph Tomoleoni,Michelle Staedler,等. Behavioral responses across a mosaic of ecosystem states restructure a sea otter–urchin trophic cascade[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2021. |
APA | Joshua G. Smith,Joseph Tomoleoni,Michelle Staedler,Sophia Lyon,Jessica Fujii,&M. Tim Tinker.(2021).Behavioral responses across a mosaic of ecosystem states restructure a sea otter–urchin trophic cascade.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. |
MLA | Joshua G. Smith,et al."Behavioral responses across a mosaic of ecosystem states restructure a sea otter–urchin trophic cascade".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2021). |
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