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Synthesis and properties of free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 577 (7789) : 199-+
作者:  Toh, Chee-Tat;  Zhang, Hongji;  Lin, Junhao;  Mayorov, Alexander S.;  Wang, Yun-Peng;  Orofeo, Carlo M.;  Ferry, Darim Badur;  Andersen, Henrik;  Kakenov, Nurbek;  Guo, Zenglong;  Abidi, Irfan Haider;  Sims, Hunter;  Suenaga, Kazu;  Pantelides, Sokrates T.;  Ozyilmaz, Barbaros
收藏  |  浏览/下载:23/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

Bulk amorphous materials have been studied extensively and are widely used, yet their atomic arrangement remains an open issue. Although they are generally believed to be Zachariasen continuous random networks(1), recent experimental evidence favours the competing crystallite model in the case of amorphous silicon(2-4). In two-dimensional materials, however, the corresponding questions remain unanswered. Here we report the synthesis, by laser-assisted chemical vapour deposition(5), of centimetre-scale, free-standing, continuous and stable monolayer amorphous carbon, topologically distinct from disordered graphene. Unlike in bulk materials, the structure of monolayer amorphous carbon can be determined by atomic-resolution imaging. Extensive characterization by Raman and X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy reveals the complete absence of long-range periodicity and a threefold-coordinated structure with a wide distribution of bond lengths, bond angles, and five-, six-, seven- and eight-member rings. The ring distribution is not a Zachariasen continuous random network, but resembles the competing (nano)crystallite model(6). We construct a corresponding model that enables density-functional-theory calculations of the properties of monolayer amorphous carbon, in accordance with observations. Direct measurements confirm that it is insulating, with resistivity values similar to those of boron nitride grown by chemical vapour deposition. Free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon is surprisingly stable and deforms to a high breaking strength, without crack propagation from the point of fracture. The excellent physical properties of this stable, free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon could prove useful for permeation and diffusion barriers in applications such as magnetic recording devices and flexible electronics.


  
Subhourly rainfall in a convection-permitting model 期刊论文
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 15 (3)
作者:  Meredith, Edmund P.;  Ulbrich, Uwe;  Rust, Henning W.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:17/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
subhourly precipitation  convection-permitting model  climate  precipitation  high resolution  
Cryo-EM structure of SWI/SNF complex bound to a nucleosome 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020
作者:  Hang, Saiyu;  Paik, Donggi;  Yao, Lina;  Kim, Eunha;  Trinath, Jamma;  Lu, Jingping;  Ha, Soyoung;  Nelson, Brandon N.;  Kelly, Samantha P.;  Wu, Lin;  Zheng, Ye;  Longman, Randy S.;  Rastinejad, Fraydoon;  Devlin, A. Sloan;  Krout, Michael R.;  Fischbach, Michael A.;  Littman, Dan R.;  Huh, Jun R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:54/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/03

The chromatin-remodelling complex SWI/SNF is highly conserved and has critical roles in various cellular processes, including transcription and DNA-damage repair(1,2). It hydrolyses ATP to remodel chromatin structure by sliding and evicting histone octamers(3-8), creating DNA regions that become accessible to other essential factors. However, our mechanistic understanding of the remodelling activity is hindered by the lack of a high-resolution structure of complexes from this family. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SWI/SNF bound to a nucleosome, at near-atomic resolution. In the structure, the actin-related protein (Arp) module is sandwiched between the ATPase and the rest of the complex, with the Snf2 helicase-SANT associated (HSA) domain connecting all modules. The body contains an assembly scaffold composed of conserved subunits Snf12 (also known as SMARCD or BAF60), Snf5 (also known as SMARCB1, BAF47 or INI1) and an asymmetric dimer of Swi3 (also known as SMARCC, BAF155 or BAF170). Another conserved subunit, Swi1 (also known as ARID1 or BAF250), resides in the core of SWI/SNF, acting as a molecular hub. We also observed interactions between Snf5 and the histones at the acidic patch, which could serve as an anchor during active DNA translocation. Our structure enables us to map and rationalize a subset of cancer-related mutations in the human SWI/SNF complex and to propose a model for how SWI/SNF recognizes and remodels the +1 nucleosome to generate nucleosome-depleted regions during gene activation(9).


The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the yeast SWI/SNF complex bound to a nucleosome substrate provides insights into the chromatin-remodelling function of this family of protein complexes and suggests mechanisms by which the mutated proteins may cause cancer.


  
Meridional Heat Transport During Atmospheric Rivers in High-Resolution CESM Climate Projections 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019
作者:  Shields, Christine A.;  Rosenbloom, Nan;  Bates, Susan C.;  Hannay, Cecile;  Hu, Aixue;  Payne, Ashley Elizabeth;  Rutz, Jonathan J.;  Truesdale, John
收藏  |  浏览/下载:22/0  |  提交时间:2020/02/17
atmospheric rivers  heat transport  CESM high-resolution model  ARTMIP  
Seasonal precipitation change in the Western North Pacific and East Asia under global warming in two high-resolution AGCMs 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 53: 5583-5605
作者:  Chen, Chao-An;  Hsu, Huang-Hsiung;  Hong, Chi-Cherng;  Chiu, Ping-Gin;  Tu, Chia-Ying;  Lin, Shian-Jiann;  Kitoh, Akio
收藏  |  浏览/下载:26/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Precipitation change  The western North Pacific and East Asia  High-resolution atmospheric model  Global warming  
Future precipitation changes over Panama projected with the atmospheric global model MRI-AGCM3.2 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 53: 5019-5034
作者:  Kusunoki, Shoji;  Nakaegawa, Tosiyuki;  Pinzon, Reinhardt;  Sanchez-Galan, Javier E.;  Fabrega, Jose R.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:27/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Precipitation  Panama  Global warming projection  High resolution model  
Fram Strait sea ice export affected by thinning: comparing high-resolution simulations and observations 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 53: 3257-3270
作者:  Zamani, Behnam;  Krumpen, Thomas;  Smedsrud, Lars H.;  Gerdes, Ruediger
收藏  |  浏览/下载:26/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
Ocean-sea ice model  Fram Strait  Sea ice area export  Sea ice volume export  Sea ice export trends  High-resolution model  Arctic sea ice mass balance  
Simulating urban climate at sub-kilometre scale for representing the intra-urban variability of Zurich, Switzerland 期刊论文
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, 2019
作者:  Mussetti, Gianluca;  Brunner, Dominik;  Allegrini, Jonas;  Wicki, Andreas;  Schubert, Sebastian;  Carmeliet, Jan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:34/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
heat wave  high resolution  intra-urban variability  local scale  multi-layer urban canopy model  neighbourhood scale  urban climate  
Response of Indian monsoon to increase of resolution in NCAR-CAM5 期刊论文
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, 2019, 221: 12-26
作者:  Anand, Abhishek;  Bhowmick, Mansi;  Mishra, Saroj K.;  Sahany, Sandeep;  Telukuntla, Chanakya V. Reddy
收藏  |  浏览/下载:15/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/26
High resolution  Horizontal resolution  Indian summer monsoon  Community Earth System Model  CAM  GCM  
Multi-model evaluation of the sensitivity of the global energy budget and hydrological cycle to resolution 期刊论文
CLIMATE DYNAMICS, 2019, 52 (11) : 6817-6846
作者:  Vanniere, Benoit;  Demory, Marie-Estelle;  Vidale, Pier Luigi;  Schiemann, Reinhard;  Roberts, Malcolm J.;  Roberts, Christopher D.;  Matsueda, Mio;  Terray, Laurent;  Koenigk, Torben;  Senan, Retish
收藏  |  浏览/下载:15/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/26
High-resolution modelling  Global energy budget  Global hydrological cycle  Sensitivity to model resolution