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科学家强调系统性认识级联地表灾害的重要性 快报文章
地球科学快报,2025年第14期
作者:  张文亮
Microsoft Word(15Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:453/0  |  提交时间:2025/07/25
Cascading land surface hazards  critical zone  earth system  
欧研究开发的AI模型可检测农业相关的多种气候灾害 快报文章
气候变化快报,2025年第8期
作者:  董利苹 杜海霞
Microsoft Word(16Kb)  |  收藏  |  浏览/下载:442/0  |  提交时间:2025/04/20
Expert-driven  Artificial Intelligence Model  Detect  Climate Hazards  
BGS持续关注地下水洪水风险监测研究 快报文章
地球科学快报,2024年第19期
作者:  王立伟
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Groundwater Flooding  hazards  
ESA资助开展地震对其他自然灾害发生的长期影响研究 快报文章
地球科学快报,2024年第16期
作者:  王立伟
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earthquakes  natural hazards  
美国政府为沿海栖息地恢复提供1.23亿美元 快报文章
资源环境快报,2024年第9期
作者:  魏艳红
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NOAA  Coastal Habitat Restoration  Coastal Hazards  
美国政府为太平洋沿岸鲑鱼恢复基金拨款1.06亿美元 快报文章
资源环境快报,2023年第24期
作者:  魏艳红
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PCSRF  Climate Hazards  Habitat Restoration  
美国启动社区气候灾害风险评估门户网站 快报文章
气候变化快报,2022年第19期
作者:  王田宇 刘燕飞
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Climate Hazards  CMRA Portal  Future Climate-related Hazards  
在过去的50年里,与水有关的灾害占据了灾害的主导地位 快报文章
地球科学快报,2021年第15期
作者:  王立伟
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hazards  WMO  
科学家开发出改进火山喷发风险预测的新方法 快报文章
地球科学快报,2021年第2期
作者:  张树良
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volcanic eruptions  estimating hazards  
Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:69/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.