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Uncertainties in Future US Extreme Precipitation From Downscaled Climate Projections 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2020, 47 (9)
作者:  Lopez-Cantu, Tania;  Prein, Andreas F.;  Samaras, Constantine
收藏  |  浏览/下载:11/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
rainfall extremes  downscaled climate projections  infrastructure  impacts  
Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:35/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
US Hydrologic Design Standards Insufficient Due to Large Increases in Frequency of Rainfall Extremes 期刊论文
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2019, 46 (14) : 8144-8153
作者:  Wright, Daniel B.;  Bosma, Christopher D.;  Lopez-Cantu, Tania
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2019/11/27
rainfall extremes  Infrastructure  Climate change  global warming  impacts  extreme weather  
Optimal adaptation to extreme rainfalls in current and future climate 期刊论文
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 2017, 53 (1)
作者:  Rosbjerg, Dan
收藏  |  浏览/下载:2/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
urban flooding  rainfall impacts  extreme rainfalls  climate adaptation  economic optimization