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Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kilauea Volcano 期刊论文
NATURE, 2020, 580 (7804) : 491-+
作者:  Cloutier, Richard;  Clement, Alice M.;  Lee, Michael S. Y.;  Noel, Roxanne;  Bechard, Isabelle;  Roy, Vincent;  Long, John A.
收藏  |  浏览/下载:60/0  |  提交时间:2020/05/13

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'  i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive(1). The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity(2,3), but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport. Here we show that immediately before and during the eruption, infiltration of rainfall into Kilauea Volcano'  s subsurface increased pore pressure at depths of 1 to 3 kilometres by 0.1 to 1 kilopascals, to its highest pressure in almost 50 years. We propose that weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice was driven by changes in pore pressure within the rift zone, prompting opportunistic dyke intrusion and ultimately facilitating the eruption. A precipitation-induced eruption trigger is consistent with the lack of precursory summit inflation, showing that this intrusion-unlike others-was not caused by the forceful intrusion of new magma into the rift zone. Moreover, statistical analysis of historic eruption occurrence suggests that rainfall patterns contribute substantially to the timing and frequency of Kilauea'  s eruptions and intrusions. Thus, volcanic activity can be modulated by extreme rainfall triggering edifice rock failure-a factor that should be considered when assessing volcanic hazards. Notably, the increasingly extreme weather patterns associated with ongoing anthropogenic climate change could increase the potential for rainfall-triggered volcanic phenomena worldwide.


Immediately before and during the eruption of Ki & x304  lauea Volcano in May 2018, anomalously high rainfall increased the pore pressure in the subsurface to its highest level in 50 years, causing weakening and mechanical failure of the edifice.


  
Quantifying the Impact of Excess Moisture From Transpiration From Crops on an Extreme Heat Wave Event in the Midwestern US: A Top-Down Constraint From Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Water Vapor Retrieval 期刊论文
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2020, 125 (7)
作者:  Souri, Amir H.;  Wang, Huiqun;  Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez;  Liu, Xiong;  Chance, Kelly
收藏  |  浏览/下载:21/0  |  提交时间:2020/07/02
transpiration  water vapor  heat wave  corn sweat  extreme event  anthropogenic activity  
Long-term trend in ground-based air temperature and its responses to atmospheric circulation and anthropogenic activity in the Yangtze River Delta, China 期刊论文
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, 2017, 195
作者:  Peng, Xia;  She, Qiannan;  Long, Lingbo;  Liu, Min;  Xu, Qian;  Zhang, Jiaxin;  Xiang, Weining
收藏  |  浏览/下载:14/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
Temperature change  Trend analysis  Atmospheric circulation  Anthropogenic activity  Yangtze River Delta  
Characterizing present and future drought changes over eastern China 期刊论文
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, 2017, 37
作者:  Chen, Huopo;  Sun, Jianqi
收藏  |  浏览/下载:10/0  |  提交时间:2019/04/09
drought  standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index  evapotranspiration  anthropogenic activity  projection